Lindsay Steven W, Davies Michael, Alabaster Graham, Altamirano Hector, Jatta Ebrima, Jawara Musa, Carrasco-Tenezaca Majo, von Seidlein Lorenz, Shenton Fiona C, Tusting Lucy S, Wilson Anne L, Knudsen Jakob
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
Bartlett School Environment, Energy & Resources, Faculty of the Built Environment, University College London, London WC1H 0NN, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2021 Feb 15;376(1818):20190814. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0814. Epub 2020 Dec 28.
In sub-Saharan Africa, most transmission of mosquito-transmitted diseases, such as malaria or dengue, occurs within or around houses. Preventing mosquito house entry and reducing mosquito production around the home would help reduce the transmission of these diseases. Based on recent research, we make key recommendations for reducing the threat of mosquito-transmitted diseases through changes to the built environment. The mnemonic, , recommends the following best practices: (i) oors should be screened, self-closing and without surrounding gaps; (ii) aves, the space between the wall and roof, should be closed or screened; (iii) houses should be ifted above the ground; (iv) nsecticide-treated nets should be used when sleeping in houses at night; (v) houses should be entilated, with at least two large-screened windows to facilitate airflow; (vi) nvironmental management should be conducted regularly inside and around the home; and (vii) oofs should be solid, rather than thatch. is a package of interventions to be used in combination for maximum impact. Simple changes to the built environment will reduce exposure to mosquito-transmitted diseases and help keep regions free from these diseases after elimination. This article is part of the theme issue 'Novel control strategies for mosquito-borne diseases'.
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，大多数通过蚊子传播的疾病，如疟疾或登革热，都是在房屋内部或周围传播的。防止蚊子进入房屋并减少房屋周围蚊子的滋生，将有助于减少这些疾病的传播。基于最近的研究，我们提出了一些关键建议，通过改变建筑环境来降低蚊子传播疾病的威胁。助记符“ ”推荐了以下最佳做法：（i）门应安装纱窗、自动关闭且周围无间隙；（ii）屋檐，即墙壁与屋顶之间的空间，应封闭或安装纱窗；（iii）房屋应建在地面以上；（iv）夜间在屋内睡觉时应使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐；（v）房屋应通风良好，至少有两扇大纱窗以促进空气流通；（vi）应定期对房屋内部和周围进行环境管理；（vii）屋顶应为实心的，而不是茅草屋顶。“ ”是一组联合使用以实现最大影响的干预措施。对建筑环境进行简单改变将减少接触蚊子传播疾病的机会，并有助于在消除这些疾病后使各地区保持无病状态。本文是“蚊媒疾病的新型控制策略”主题特刊的一部分。
