利用 WRF 数值模型结果重建切尔诺贝利事故初期乌克兰领土上碘-131 的放射性污染
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION OF THE TERRITORY OF UKRAINE BY IODINE-131 DURING INITIAL PERIOD OF THE CHORNOBYL ACCIDENT USING THE RESULTS FROM NUMERICAL MODEL WRF.
机构信息
Institute for Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 12 Lysogirska St., Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
出版信息
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol. 2020 Dec;25:285-299. doi: 10.33145/2304-8336-2020-25-285-299.
OBJECTIVE
To reconstruct the 131I activity concentrations in air and 131I ground deposition densities from 26 April to7 May 1986 from the radioactivity release after the Chornobyl accident in the settlements of Ukraine using themesoscale radionuclides atmospheric transport model LEDI and meteorological information from the numericalweather forecast model WRF and to compare the obtained results with those calculated previously as well as withavailable measurements of 131I activity in soil.Object of research: the near-ground layer of the atmosphere and the surface of the territory of Ukraine radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chornobyl accident.Materials and methods of research. The dispersion of 131I in the atmosphere and deposition on the ground surfacein Ukraine were calculated using the Lagrangian-Eulerian diffusion model LEDI. The detailed fields of meteorological parameters calculated using the mesoscale weather forecast model WRF, which was adapted for the territory ofUkraine, were used as input data for the LEDI model.
RESULTS
The 131I daily-average activity concentrations in the surface air and 131I daily ground deposition densitiesfrom 26 April to 7 May 1986 were calculated using the up-to-date mesoscale model of numerical weather forecastWRF for 30,352 settlements in entire Ukraine, including 1,263 settlements in Kyiv, 1,717 - in Zhytomyr and 1,570 -in Chernihiv Oblasts.
CONCLUSIONS
The method of mathematical modeling of the atmospheric transport of the radionuclides is combination with the up-to-date mesoscale model of numerical weather forecast WRF is a useful tool for reconstruction ofradioactive contamination of the air and the ground surface after the Chornobyl accident. Calculated in this study131I activity concentrations in air and 131I ground deposition densities were used to reconstruct the thyroid doses dueto 131I intake to the population of Ukraine.
目的
利用主题尺度放射性核素大气传输模型 LEDI 以及数值天气预报模型 WRF 的气象信息，从 1986 年 4 月 26 日至 5 月 7 日切尔诺贝利事故后乌克兰定居点的放射性释放中重建 131I 空气活度浓度和 131I 地面沉积密度，并将获得的结果与之前计算的结果以及可用的土壤 131I 活度测量结果进行比较。
研究对象
由于切尔诺贝利事故而受到放射性污染的乌克兰近地大气层和领土表面。
研究材料和方法
利用拉格朗日-欧拉扩散模型 LEDI 计算 131I 在大气中的扩散和在乌克兰地面表面的沉积。使用适用于乌克兰领土的中尺度天气预报模型 WRF 计算的详细气象参数场作为 LEDI 模型的输入数据。
结果
利用最新的中尺度数值天气预报 WRF 模型，为乌克兰全境的 30352 个定居点（包括基辅的 1263 个、日托米尔的 1717 个和切尔尼戈夫的 1570 个）计算了 1986 年 4 月 26 日至 5 月 7 日期间的 131I 日平均空气活度浓度和 131I 日平均地面沉积密度。
结论
放射性核素大气传输的数学建模方法与最新的中尺度数值天气预报 WRF 模型相结合，是重建切尔诺贝利事故后空气和地面表面放射性污染的有用工具。本研究中计算的空气 131I 活度浓度和 131I 地面沉积密度用于重建乌克兰人口因摄入 131I 而导致的甲状腺剂量。
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