Adane Aynishet, Belay Gizeaddis, Tamirat Koku Sisay
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Hospital Microbiology Department, University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar.
Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Dec 14;13:4449-4458. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S287276. eCollection 2020.
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health threat in developing countries including Ethiopia; and there is a paucity of information regarding antimicrobial resistance patterns of commonly isolated pathogens, particularly in the study area. Hence, this study aimed to assess the microbiological profiles and resistance patterns of pathogens among patients who visited a tertiary hospital in the study setting.
This study was based on secondary data sources from the hospital microbiology database and culture reports between September 2019 and August 2020 at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospitals, Ethiopia. Data about socio-demographic characteristics and clinical parameters, types of specimens collected, culture results, and antibiotic resistance pattern were collected manually by using a data abstraction format from the department of clinical bacteriology registration book and electronic database.
A total of 5328 culture results were included in the final analysis. Bacterial growth was documented only in 803 (15.1%) samples. From the positive culture results documented, the highest positivity rate was reported from abscess (47.8%) followed by blood (26.2%) and urine (15.1%) samples. Among the bacterial isolates (32.5%), species (17.9%), (14.8%) and species (7.4%) were the commonly identified organisms. Of the 803 bacterial isolates, about 672 (83.6%) isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 19.7% isolates were MDR.
This study showed that species, and were the commonest isolated pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance among common isolates was high for most routinely used antibiotics, and some reserved drugs like carbapenems and fourth-generation cephalosporin. Thus, this study may have implications on patient management, drug procurement, local treatment guideline development, and rational use of antibiotics. Furthermore, this finding could also help to facilitate the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention and control interventions within the hospital.
包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家，抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的出现是一种公共卫生威胁；关于常见分离病原体的抗菌药物耐药模式的信息匮乏，尤其是在研究区域。因此，本研究旨在评估在该研究环境中就诊于一家三级医院的患者中病原体的微生物学特征和耐药模式。
本研究基于2019年9月至2020年8月期间埃塞俄比亚贡德尔大学综合专科医院医院微生物数据库和培养报告的二手数据源。通过使用数据提取格式，从临床细菌学登记册和电子数据库中手动收集有关社会人口学特征和临床参数、采集的标本类型、培养结果以及抗生素耐药模式的数据。
最终分析共纳入5328份培养结果。仅在803份（15.1%）样本中记录到细菌生长。在记录的阳性培养结果中，脓肿样本的阳性率最高（47.8%），其次是血液样本（26.2%）和尿液样本（15.1%）。在细菌分离株中，[具体细菌名称1]（32.5%）、[具体细菌名称2]（17.9%）、[具体细菌名称3]（14.8%）和[具体细菌名称4]（7.4%）是常见的鉴定出的生物体。在803株细菌分离株中，约672株（83.6%）分离株对至少一种抗生素耐药，19.7%的分离株为多重耐药。
本研究表明，[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]是最常见的分离病原体。大多数常用抗生素以及一些如碳青霉烯类和第四代头孢菌素等储备药物对常见分离株的抗菌药物耐药性较高。因此，本研究可能对患者管理、药品采购、当地治疗指南制定以及抗生素的合理使用产生影响。此外，这一发现也有助于促进医院内抗菌药物管理以及感染预防和控制干预措施的实施。
