埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学医院6年间肺炎链球菌的药敏模式
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae over 6 years at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
作者信息
Anagaw Belay, Gezachew Mucheye, Biadgelgene Fantahun, Anagaw Berhanu, Geleshe Tariku, Taddese Birke, Getie Birhanu, Endris Mengistu, Mulu Andargachew, Unakal Chandrashekhar
机构信息
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2013 Jul;3(7):536-41. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60109-4.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the magnitude and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from various clinical specimens.
METHODS
A record based on retrospective study was conducted at Gondar University Teaching Hospital from September 2007 to January 2012. All patients who visited Gondar University Hospital and provided clinical specimens (body fluids, discharge, swab and blood) for routine bacteriological culturing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were taken for analysis. Clinical specimens were processed for bacterial culture according to the standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for isolated organisms was done using agar disk diffusion method. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 16 package.
RESULTS
One hundred and fifty three Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from patients who visited Gondar University Teaching Hospital bacteriology laboratory for culture. Majority of the pneumococcal isolates were from inpatients [111(72.5%)], and 74(48.4%) were from body fluids. Out of the total isolates, 93(61%) were found to be resistant to at least one antibiotic used for susceptibility testing. Forty eight (43.2%) of the isolates were multi-drug resistant (resistant to two or more drugs). The resistance rate noted for both ciprofloxacin 17(11.1%) and ceftriaxone 15(9.8%) were alarming.
CONCLUSIONS
High proportions of the isolates tend to be increasingly resistant to the commonly prescribed drugs. The recommended drug of choice like ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone were found to be less susceptible in the study area. Based on the findings, we therefore recommend that antimicrobial agents should be inspected for acceptable activity before they are prescribed and administered empirically. Further study with a better design and survey of antimicrobial susceptibility at large scale shoule be performed to draw advanced information.
目的
评估从各种临床标本中分离出的肺炎链球菌的数量及抗菌药敏模式。
方法
于2007年9月至2012年1月在贡德尔大学教学医院进行了一项基于回顾性研究的记录。所有前往贡德尔大学医院就诊并提供临床标本（体液、分泌物、拭子和血液）用于常规细菌培养和抗菌药敏试验的患者均纳入分析。临床标本按照标准程序进行细菌培养。使用琼脂纸片扩散法对分离出的菌株进行抗菌药敏试验。数据录入并使用SPSS软件16版进行分析。
结果
从前往贡德尔大学教学医院细菌学实验室进行培养的患者中分离出153株肺炎链球菌。大多数肺炎球菌分离株来自住院患者[111株（72.5%）]，74株（48.4%）来自体液。在所有分离株中，93株（61%）被发现对至少一种用于药敏试验的抗生素耐药。48株（43.2%）分离株为多重耐药（对两种或更多种药物耐药）。环丙沙星的耐药率为17株（11.1%），头孢曲松的耐药率为15株（9.8%），令人担忧。
结论
高比例的分离株对常用处方药的耐药性有增加趋势。在研究区域发现，如环丙沙星和头孢曲松等推荐的首选药物敏感性较低。因此，基于这些发现，我们建议在经验性开具和使用抗菌药物之前，应检查其是否具有可接受的活性。应进行设计更好的进一步研究并大规模调查抗菌药敏情况，以获取更深入的信息。
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