Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics and Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities, University of Oxford, 16-17 St Ebbes St, Oxford OX1 1PT, UK.
Br Med Bull. 2021 Mar 25;137(1):4-12. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldaa036.
Vaccination decisions and policies present tensions between individual rights and the moral duty to contribute to harm prevention. This article focuses on ethical issues around vaccination behaviour and policies. It will not cover ethical issues around vaccination research.
Literature on ethics of vaccination decisions and policies.
Individuals have a moral responsibility to vaccinate, at least against certain infectious diseases in certain circumstances.
Some argue that non-coercive measures are ethically preferable unless there are situations of emergency. Others hold that coercive measures are ethically justified even in absence of emergencies.
Conscientious objection to vaccination is becoming a major area of discussion.
The relationship between individual, collective and institutional responsibilities to contribute to the public good of herd immunity will be a major point of discussion, particularly with regard to the COVID-19 vaccine.
疫苗接种决策和政策在个人权利和为预防伤害做出贡献的道德责任之间存在紧张关系。本文重点讨论疫苗接种行为和政策的伦理问题。它不包括疫苗接种研究的伦理问题。
关于疫苗接种决策和政策的伦理文献。
个人有道德责任接种疫苗，至少在某些情况下要接种某些传染病疫苗。
一些人认为，除非出现紧急情况，否则非强制性措施在道德上是可取的。另一些人则认为，即使在没有紧急情况的情况下，强制性措施在道德上也是合理的。
对疫苗接种的出于良心的反对正在成为一个主要的讨论领域。
个人、集体和机构对促进群体免疫这一公共利益的责任之间的关系将是一个主要的讨论点，特别是在 COVID-19 疫苗方面。
