COVID-19大流行期间封锁和隔离措施对儿童、青少年及照顾者的心理和行为影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析
Psychological and Behavioral Impact of Lockdown and Quarantine Measures for COVID-19 Pandemic on Children, Adolescents and Caregivers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者信息
Panda Prateek Kumar, Gupta Juhi, Chowdhury Sayoni Roy, Kumar Rishi, Meena Ankit Kumar, Madaan Priyanka, Sharawat Indar Kumar, Gulati Sheffali
机构信息
Center of Excellence & Advanced Research on Childhood Neurodevelopmental disorders, Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
出版信息
J Trop Pediatr. 2021 Jan 29;67(1). doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmaa122.
BACKGROUND
During the current ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, psychological problems like anxiety, depression, irritability, mood swings, inattention and sleep disturbance are fairly common among quarantined children in several studies. A systematic review of these publications to provide an accurate burden of these psychiatric/behavioral problems is needed for planning mitigating measures by the health authorities.
METHODS
Different electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, medRxiv and bioRxiv) were searched for articles describing psychological/behavioral complications in children/adolescents with/without pre-existing behavioral abnormalities and their caregivers related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Only original articles with/without comparator arms and a minimum sample size of 50 were included in the analysis. The pooled estimate of various psychological/behavioral problems was calculated using a random-effect meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies describing 22 996 children/adolescents fulfilled the eligibility criteria from a total of 219 records. Overall, 34.5%, 41.7%, 42.3% and 30.8% of children were found to be suffering from anxiety, depression, irritability and inattention. Although the behavior/psychological state of a total of 79.4% of children was affected negatively by the pandemic and quarantine, at least 22.5% of children had a significant fear of COVID-19, and 35.2% and 21.3% of children had boredom and sleep disturbance. Similarly, 52.3% and 27.4% of caregivers developed anxiety and depression, respectively, while being in isolation with children.
CONCLUSION
Anxiety, depression, irritability, boredom, inattention and fear of COVID-19 are predominant new-onset psychological problems in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children with pre-existing behavioral problems like autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have a high probability of worsening of their behavioral symptoms.
背景
在当前持续的新冠疫情期间，多项研究表明，焦虑、抑郁、易怒、情绪波动、注意力不集中和睡眠障碍等心理问题在被隔离儿童中相当普遍。卫生当局需要对这些出版物进行系统回顾，以准确了解这些精神/行为问题的负担，从而制定缓解措施。
方法
检索不同的电子数据库（MEDLINE、EMBASE、科学网、CENTRAL、medRxiv和bioRxiv），查找描述新冠疫情期间有/无既往行为异常的儿童/青少年及其照顾者的心理/行为并发症的文章。分析仅纳入有/无对照臂且最小样本量为50的原创文章。使用随机效应荟萃分析计算各种心理/行为问题的合并估计值。
结果
从总共219条记录中筛选出15项描述22996名儿童/青少年的研究，这些研究符合纳入标准。总体而言，发现34.5%、41.7%、42.3%和30.8%的儿童患有焦虑、抑郁、易怒和注意力不集中。尽管共有79.4%的儿童的行为/心理状态受到疫情和隔离的负面影响，但至少22.5%的儿童对新冠病毒有严重恐惧，35.2%和21.3%的儿童感到无聊和睡眠障碍。同样，52.3%和27.4%的照顾者在与儿童隔离期间分别出现焦虑和抑郁。
结论
焦虑、抑郁、易怒、无聊、注意力不集中和对新冠病毒的恐惧是新冠疫情期间儿童主要的新发心理问题。患有自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍等既往行为问题的儿童，其行为症状很有可能恶化。
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