Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Mária u 39, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
Department of Ophthalmology, Uzsoki Hospital Budapest, Uzsoki u. 29-41, Budapest, 1145, Hungary.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2020 Dec 28;20(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01745-x.
The purpose of the study was to explore the immunological components that are responsible for the proliferative alterations in the different forms of retinal detachment (RD).
Vitreous fluids were collected during 23G pars plana vitrectomy from 54 eyes of 54 patients with different RD types, such as rhegmatogenous RD (RRD) without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (n = 30), PVR (n = 16) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with tractional RD (n = 8). Vitreous fluids were obtained from 19 eyes with epiretinal membrane (ERM), which were used as control samples. A multiplex chemiluminescent immunoassay was performed to evaluate the concentrations of 48 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors.
The expression levels of eotaxin, IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-8, IL-16, MCP-1, MIF and MIP-1 beta were significantly higher in all RD groups than in the ERM group. The levels of CTACK, IP-10, SCGF-beta, and SDF-1 alpha were significantly higher in patients with diabetic tractional RD and PVR than in other patients. The upregulation of VEGF and IL-18 was detected in PDR.
Our results indicate that complex and significant immunological mechanisms are associated with the pathogenesis of different forms of RD: selected cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are upregulated in the vitreous of eyes with RD. The detected proteins are present in different concentrations both in RRD and PVR. In the presence of PVR and PDR, the majority of cytokines are upregulated; thus, they may serve as biomarkers to estimate the progression or severity level of proliferation and later to develop personalized therapeutic strategies to slow down or prevent pathological changes.
本研究旨在探讨导致不同类型视网膜脱离（RD）增殖改变的免疫成分。
在 23G 经睫状体平坦部玻璃体切割术中，从 54 例不同 RD 类型患者的 54 只眼中收集玻璃体液，如无增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）的孔源性 RD（RRD）（n=30）、PVR（n=16）和增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变伴牵引性 RD（n=8）。从 19 例伴视网膜前膜（ERM）的眼中获得玻璃体液，作为对照样本。采用多重化学发光免疫分析法评估 48 种细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子的浓度。
所有 RD 组的 eotaxin、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-8、IL-16、MCP-1、MIF 和 MIP-1β的表达水平均明显高于 ERM 组。糖尿病性牵引性 RD 和 PVR 患者的 CTACK、IP-10、SCGF-β和 SDF-1α水平明显高于其他患者。PDR 中检测到 VEGF 和 IL-18 的上调。
我们的结果表明，复杂而显著的免疫机制与不同类型 RD 的发病机制有关：RD 眼中玻璃体中上调了选定的细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子。在 RRD 和 PVR 中均存在不同浓度的检测到的蛋白质。在存在 PVR 和 PDR 的情况下，大多数细胞因子上调；因此，它们可以作为估计增殖进展或严重程度的生物标志物，并随后制定个性化的治疗策略，以减缓或预防病理性改变。
