Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Iinks 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Iinks 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2021 Feb;43:117-127. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.12.002. Epub 2020 Dec 26.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) play a key role in the detoxification of phytochemicals in arthropod herbivores. We present here an overview of recent progress in understanding the breadth and specificity of gene expression plasticity of P450s in response to phytochemicals. We discuss experimental setups and new findings in mechanisms of P450 regulation. Whole genome transcriptomic analysis of arthropod herbivores, either after direct administration of phytochemicals or after host plant shifts, allowed to integrate various levels of chemical complexity and lead to the unbiased identification of responsive P450 genes. However, despite progress in identification of inducible P450s, the link between induction and metabolism is still largely unexplored, and to what extent the overall response is biologically functional should be further investigated. In the near future, such studies will be more straightforward as forward and reverse genetic tools become more readily available.
细胞色素 P450 单加氧酶（P450s）在节肢动物食草动物中植物化学物质的解毒中起着关键作用。本文概述了近年来在理解 P450 基因表达可塑性对植物化学物质的广度和特异性的理解方面的最新进展。我们讨论了 P450 调节机制的实验方案和新发现。通过直接给予植物化学物质或宿主植物转移后对节肢动物食草动物进行全基因组转录组分析，将各种化学复杂性水平进行整合，从而能够确定响应性 P450 基因。然而，尽管在鉴定诱导型 P450 方面取得了进展，但诱导与代谢之间的联系在很大程度上仍未得到探索，并且还需要进一步研究整体反应在生物学功能上的程度。在不久的将来，随着正向和反向遗传工具的普及，此类研究将变得更加简单。
