Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Mar;104:183-188. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.057. Epub 2020 Dec 26.
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has similar clinical presentations to malaria. Hence, febrile illnesses are often misdiagnosed as malaria. Therefore, this study aimed to generate baseline data on CHIKV infection in northwest Ethiopia where malaria is endemic.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among febrile patients presenting at the Metema and Humera Kahsay Abera hospitals from March 2016 to May 2017. Data on socio-demographic, clinical presentations, and possible risk factors were collected using a structured questionnaire. Serum samples were screened for immunoglobulin-M (IgM) and IgG antibodies to CHIKV infections using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the strength of association.
Of 586 samples screened, the overall seroprevalence of CHIKV infection was 23%. Of the total study participants, 22.5% had CHIKV-specific IgM, indicating recent CHIKV infection. During monsoon and post-monsoon periods, increased prevalence of anti-CHIKV IgM seropositivity was found. The most common clinical presentation observed was fever, followed by headache and joint pain. Men had twice the likelihood of CHIKV infection. The presence of stagnant water near the residence almost doubled the risk for CHIKV infection.
Most of the study participants had recent infection with CHIKV, suggesting the need to design disease prevention and intervention strategies.
基孔肯雅热病毒（CHIKV）感染的临床症状与疟疾相似。因此，发热性疾病常被误诊为疟疾。因此，本研究旨在为基孔肯雅热病毒感染生成基线数据，研究地点在疟疾流行的埃塞俄比亚西北部。
这是一项 2016 年 3 月至 2017 年 5 月在梅特马和胡梅拉卡哈萨贝雷医院进行的基于医院的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学、临床症状和可能的危险因素数据。使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清样本中针对基孔肯雅热病毒感染的免疫球蛋白 M（IgM）和 IgG 抗体。采用逻辑回归分析来确定关联的强度。
在筛查的 586 个样本中，基孔肯雅热病毒感染的总血清阳性率为 23%。在总研究参与者中，22.5%具有基孔肯雅热病毒特异性 IgM，表明最近发生了基孔肯雅热病毒感染。在季风期和季风后期，抗基孔肯雅热病毒 IgM 血清阳性率增加。观察到的最常见临床症状是发热，其次是头痛和关节痛。男性感染基孔肯雅热病毒的可能性是女性的两倍。居住场所附近存在死水几乎使基孔肯雅热病毒感染的风险增加了一倍。
大多数研究参与者最近感染了基孔肯雅热病毒，这表明需要制定疾病预防和干预策略。
