Seleiman Mahmoud F, Almutairi Khalid F, Alotaibi Majed, Shami Ashwag, Alhammad Bushra Ahmed, Battaglia Martin Leonardo
Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-kom 32514, Egypt.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Dec 22;10(1):2. doi: 10.3390/plants10010002.
There is a need for a more innovative fertilizer approach that can increase the productivity of agricultural systems and be more environmentally friendly than synthetic fertilizers. In this article, we reviewed the recent development and potential benefits derived from the use of nanofertilizers (NFs) in modern agriculture. NFs have the potential to promote sustainable agriculture and increase overall crop productivity, mainly by increasing the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of field and greenhouse crops. NFs can release their nutrients at a slow and steady pace, either when applied alone or in combination with synthetic or organic fertilizers. They can release their nutrients in 40-50 days, while synthetic fertilizers do the same in 4-10 days. Moreover, NFs can increase the tolerance of plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, the advantages of NFs over synthetic fertilizers, as well as the different types of macro and micro NFs, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the application of NFs in smart sustainable agriculture and the role of NFs in the mitigation of biotic and abiotic stress on plants is presented. Though NF applications may have many benefits for sustainable agriculture, there are some concerns related to the release of nanoparticles (NPs) from NFs into the environment, with the subsequent detrimental effects that this could have on both human and animal health. Future research should explore green synthesized and biosynthesized NFs, their safe use, bioavailability, and toxicity concerns.
需要一种更具创新性的肥料方法，既能提高农业系统的生产力，又比合成肥料更环保。在本文中，我们回顾了纳米肥料（NFs）在现代农业中的最新发展及潜在益处。纳米肥料有潜力促进可持续农业并提高整体作物产量，主要是通过提高大田作物和温室作物的养分利用效率（NUE）。纳米肥料单独施用或与合成肥料或有机肥料混合施用时，能以缓慢而稳定的速度释放养分。它们能在40 - 50天内释放养分，而合成肥料在4 - 10天内就会释放完。此外，纳米肥料能提高植物对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性。在此，将详细讨论纳米肥料相对于合成肥料的优势，以及不同类型的宏观和微观纳米肥料。此外，还介绍了纳米肥料在智能可持续农业中的应用以及纳米肥料在减轻植物生物和非生物胁迫方面的作用。尽管纳米肥料的应用可能对可持续农业有诸多益处，但也存在一些与纳米肥料中的纳米颗粒（NPs）释放到环境中相关的问题，以及这可能对人类和动物健康产生的有害影响。未来的研究应探索绿色合成和生物合成的纳米肥料、它们的安全使用、生物利用度以及毒性问题。
