Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
J Innate Immun. 2022;14(1):42-50. doi: 10.1159/000512280. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
Immunological memory is classically attributed to adaptive immune responses, but recent studies have shown that challenged innate immune cells can display long-term functional changes that increase nonspecific responsiveness to subsequent infections. This phenomenon, coined trained immunity or innate immune memory, is based on the epigenetic reprogramming and the rewiring of intracellular metabolic pathways. Here, we review the different metabolic pathways that are modulated in trained immunity. Glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid, and lipid metabolism are interplaying pathways that are crucial for the establishment of innate immune memory. Unraveling this metabolic wiring allows for a better understanding of innate immune contribution to health and disease. These insights may open avenues for the development of future therapies that aim to harness or dampen the power of the innate immune response.
免疫记忆通常归因于适应性免疫反应，但最近的研究表明，受到挑战的固有免疫细胞可以表现出长期的功能变化，从而增加对随后感染的非特异性反应性。这种现象被称为训练有素的免疫或固有免疫记忆，它基于表观遗传重编程和细胞内代谢途径的重新布线。在这里，我们回顾了在训练有素的免疫中调节的不同代谢途径。糖酵解、氧化磷酸化、三羧酸循环、氨基酸和脂质代谢是相互作用的途径，对于固有免疫记忆的建立至关重要。揭示这种代谢连接有助于更好地理解固有免疫对健康和疾病的贡献。这些见解可能为开发未来的治疗方法开辟途径，旨在利用或抑制固有免疫反应的力量。
