Salamanca Natalia, Giráldez Inmaculada, Morales Emilio, de La Rosa Ignacio, Herrera Marcelino
IFAPA Centro Agua del Pino, El Rompido-Punta Umbria rd., 21459 Cartaya, Spain.
Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Dec 29;11(1):45. doi: 10.3390/ani11010045.
Increased aquaculture production is associated with a growing interest in improving fish welfare. For this reason, the search for strategies to mitigate stress has intensified, one of these strategies being food supplementation with amino acids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary phenylalanine (Phe) and Tyrosine (Tyr) on the stress response and metabolism of juvenile gilthead seabreams () and meagres (). Fish batches were fed a control diet and two diets supplemented with 5% Phe or Tyr for seven days. At the end of the experiment fish were stressed by air exposure for 3 min and then sacrificed for the extraction of blood and brain. Classical plasma stress markers were analyzed (glucose, lactate, proteins, cortisol), as well as hormones derived from those amino acids (adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine). Despite interspecific differences, fish fed the diets supplemented with Phe or Tyr showed a reduction on several stress markers. However, interspecific differences were detected for many indicators. Concretely, hormonal stress markers were significantly attenuated in meagres fed the enriched diets. Moreover, the stress condition favored a mobilization of amino acids towards the brain, especially in supplemented diets, hence this amino acid excess could be used as an energy substrate to cope with stress.
水产养殖产量的增加与人们对改善鱼类福利的兴趣日益浓厚有关。因此，减轻应激的策略的探索也在加强，其中一种策略是用氨基酸进行食物补充。本研究的目的是评估日粮苯丙氨酸（Phe）和酪氨酸（Tyr）对幼龄金头鲷（）和尖吻鲈（）应激反应和代谢的影响。将鱼群分为三组，分别投喂对照日粮和两种添加5% Phe或Tyr的日粮，持续7天。实验结束时，通过空气暴露3分钟使鱼产生应激，然后处死以采集血液和脑样本。分析了经典的血浆应激标志物（葡萄糖、乳酸、蛋白质、皮质醇）以及由这些氨基酸衍生的激素（肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺）。尽管存在种间差异，但投喂添加Phe或Tyr日粮的鱼在几种应激标志物上有所降低。然而，许多指标存在种间差异。具体而言，在投喂强化日粮的尖吻鲈中，激素应激标志物显著减弱。此外，应激状态有利于氨基酸向脑内的转运，尤其是在补充日粮的情况下，因此这种过量的氨基酸可以用作应对应激的能量底物。
