di Giannantonio Massimo, Negri Attilio, Schiavone Stefania, Vannini Chiara, Pettorruso Mauro, De-Giorgio Fabio, Verrastro Valeria, Trabace Luigia, Corbo Mariangela, Gottardo Rossella, Camuto Cristian, Mazzarino Monica, Barra Andrea, De Berardis Domenico, Lopez Juan Iglesias, Del Villar Cristina Merino, Schifano Fabrizio, Martinotti Giovanni
Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Clinical Sciences, University G.d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 15;11:592594. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.592594. eCollection 2020.
Prescription drug misuse and its related risks are considered a worldwide public health issue. Current trends show that the extent of such phenomenon may not be limited to subjects with psychiatric disorders, as it also spreads to dance party and nightclub attendees, who often consume prescription drugs in combination with alcohol and psychoactive substances. This study aims to report the sociodemographic data and the psychiatric and clinical features of a sample of clubbers reporting prescription drugs use. Patients admitted to the psychiatry ward of the Can Misses Hospital in Ibiza were recruited for the study during a span of four consecutive years (2015-2018). The inclusion criteria were age 18-75 years old and the intake of psychoactive substances or more than five alcohol units during the previous 24 h. Substance use habits, psychopathological features, and use of unprescribed pharmaceuticals were investigated. Urine samples were collected and analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A total of 110 subjects with psychoactive substance intoxication were recruited for the study. Among these, 37 (40%) disclosed the use of prescription drugs without medical supervision. The most common compounds were benzodiazepines (66%), antiepileptic drugs (8%), antidepressants (6%), opioids (6%), antipsychotics (6%), stimulants (6%), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, 2%). Prescription drug misuse was negatively associated with the use of psychodysleptics (two-tailed Fisher's exact test = 0.018, ρ = -0.262). The use of prescription drugs is also common among clubbers, usually characterized by low propensity to be prescribed benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, or antidepressants. Prescription drugs may be an alternative to classic and novel psychoactive compounds or may be used to tamper and self-medicate the effects determined by the use of substances. Party goers should be adequately informed about possible risks of co-intake of psychoactive substances and prescription drugs to prevent serious medical and psychiatric consequences.
处方药滥用及其相关风险被视为一个全球性的公共卫生问题。当前趋势表明，这种现象的范围可能不仅限于患有精神疾病的人群，还蔓延到了参加舞会和夜总会的人，他们经常将处方药与酒精和精神活性物质混合使用。本研究旨在报告一组报告使用处方药的夜店常客的社会人口统计学数据以及精神和临床特征。在连续四年（2015 - 2018年）期间，招募了入住伊维萨岛坎米塞斯医院精神科病房的患者进行研究。纳入标准为年龄在18 - 75岁之间，且在前24小时内摄入过精神活性物质或超过五个酒精单位。对物质使用习惯、精神病理学特征以及未处方药物的使用情况进行了调查。收集尿液样本并使用气相色谱/质谱法进行分析。共有110名精神活性物质中毒的受试者被纳入该研究。其中，37人（40%）透露在无医疗监督的情况下使用了处方药。最常见的化合物是苯二氮䓬类药物（66%）、抗癫痫药物（8%）、抗抑郁药物（6%）、阿片类药物（6%）、抗精神病药物（6%）、兴奋剂（6%）和非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs，2%）。处方药滥用与使用致幻剂呈负相关（双尾Fisher精确检验 = 0.018，ρ = -0.262）。在夜店常客中，处方药的使用也很常见，其特点通常是开具苯二氮䓬类药物、抗精神病药物或抗抑郁药物的倾向较低。处方药可能是经典和新型精神活性化合物的替代品，或者可能被用于篡改和自我治疗由物质使用所产生的影响。应该充分告知参加派对的人精神活性物质和处方药联合摄入可能存在的风险，以防止严重的医疗和精神后果。
