Khoshnoud Shiva, Alvarez Igarzábal Federico, Wittmann Marc
Institute for Frontier Areas of Psychology and Mental Health, Freiburg, Germany.
PeerJ. 2020 Dec 18;8:e10520. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10520. eCollection 2020.
The flow state is defined by intense involvement in an activity with high degrees of concentration and focused attention accompanied by a sense of pleasure. Video games are effective tools for inducing flow, and keeping players in this state is considered to be one of the central goals of game design. Many studies have focused on the underlying physiological and neural mechanisms of flow. Results are inconsistent when describing a unified mechanism underlying this mental state. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the physiological and neural correlates of flow and explains the relationship between the reported physiological and neural markers of the flow experience. Despite the heterogeneous results, it seems possible to establish associations between reported markers and the cognitive and experiential aspects of flow, particularly regarding arousal, attention control, reward processing, automaticity, and self-referential processing.
心流状态的定义是深度投入到一项活动中，高度专注且注意力集中，同时伴有愉悦感。电子游戏是诱导心流的有效工具，让玩家保持这种状态被认为是游戏设计的核心目标之一。许多研究聚焦于心流背后的生理和神经机制。在描述这种心理状态背后的统一机制时，结果并不一致。本文全面综述了心流的生理和神经关联，并解释了所报道的心流体验的生理和神经标志物之间的关系。尽管结果各异，但似乎有可能在所报道的标志物与心流的认知和体验方面之间建立关联，特别是在唤醒、注意力控制、奖励处理、自动化和自我参照处理方面。
