Beutner Caroline, Forkel Susann, Gupta Sidhi, Fuchs Thomas, Schön Michael P, Geier Johannes, Buhl Timo
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
J Asthma Allergy. 2020 Dec 24;13:725-730. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S280771. eCollection 2020.
The prevalence of airway allergies in Europe has increased from 23% to 31% in recent years. Polysensitization is associated with the development and severity of relevant allergies, particularly allergic asthma.
We investigated age- and sex-dependent monosensitization and polysensitization profiles as well as patterns of sensitization using skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to the most common aeroallergens.
From 1998 to 2017, SPTs were retrospectively analyzed in 2886 symptomatic patients, referred to the University Medical Center Göttingen, located in central Germany. The major aeroallergen groups early flowering tree pollen, grass pollen, and house dust mites were evaluated in this study. Wheal diameters ≥2 mm were considered positive during the entire study period.
Polysensitization to the most common aeroallergen groups increased significantly over 20 years. Boys and young men displayed the most remarkable rise in total sensitization rates in our study group over time.
Our patient-based study demonstrates a continuing increase in polysensitization rates over the last 20 years, with boys and young men being most frequently affected. Our data-without being a population-based study-suggest a scenario with climbing rates of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
近年来，欧洲气道过敏的患病率已从23%升至31%。多重致敏与相关过敏尤其是过敏性哮喘的发生及严重程度有关。
我们利用对最常见空气变应原的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）反应性，调查了年龄和性别依赖性的单一致敏和多重致敏情况以及致敏模式。
对1998年至2017年间转诊至位于德国中部的哥廷根大学医学中心的2886例有症状患者的SPT结果进行回顾性分析。本研究评估了主要的空气变应原组，即早花树花粉、草花粉和屋尘螨。在整个研究期间，风团直径≥2mm被视为阳性。
对最常见空气变应原组的多重致敏在20年间显著增加。在我们的研究组中，男孩和年轻男性的总致敏率随时间的上升最为显著。
我们基于患者的研究表明，在过去20年中多重致敏率持续上升，男孩和年轻男性受影响最为频繁。我们的数据——虽不是基于人群的研究——提示了过敏性鼻炎和哮喘发病率上升的情况。
