Centre for Genetics, Ecology & Physiology, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, 4556, Qld, Australia.
School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, 4556, Qld, Australia.
Nutrients. 2020 Dec 31;13(1):138. doi: 10.3390/nu13010138.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disease involving permanent focal dilation of the abdominal aorta (≥30 mm) that can lead to catastrophic rupture. Destructive remodeling of aortic connective tissue in AAA contributes to wall stiffening, a mechanical parameter of the arterial system linked to a heightened risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Since aortic stiffening is associated with AAA progression, treatment options that target vascular inflammation would appear prudent. Given this, and growing evidence indicating robust anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties for long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), this study evaluated the impact of these nutrients (1.8 g/day for 12 weeks) on indices of vascular stiffness in patients with AAA. At baseline, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 bpm (AIx75) were significantly higher in patients with AAA compared to control participants (PWV: 14.2 ± 0.4 m.s vs. 12.6 ± 0.4 m.s, = 0.014; AIx75: 26.4 ± 1.7% vs. 17.3 ± 2.7%, = 0.005). Twelve-week LC n-3 PUFA supplementation significantly decreased PWV (baseline: 14.2 ± 0.6 m.s, week 12: 12.8 ± 0.7 m.s, = 0.014) and heart rate (baseline: 63 ± 3 bpm, week 12: 58 ± 3 bpm, = 0.009) in patients with AAA. No change was observed for patients receiving placebo capsules. While this raises the possibility that LC n-3 PUFAs provide improvements in aortic stiffness in patients with AAA, the clinical implications remain to be fully elucidated.
腹主动脉瘤（AAA）是一种涉及腹主动脉永久性局灶性扩张的血管疾病（≥30mm），可导致灾难性破裂。AAA 中主动脉结缔组织的破坏性重塑导致壁僵硬，这是动脉系统的一个力学参数，与心血管发病率和死亡率的风险增加有关。由于主动脉僵硬与 AAA 的进展有关，因此针对血管炎症的治疗选择似乎是明智的。考虑到这一点，以及越来越多的证据表明长链 ω-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（LC n-3PUFAs）具有强大的抗炎和血管保护特性，本研究评估了这些营养素（每天 1.8 克，持续 12 周）对 AAA 患者血管僵硬指数的影响。在基线时，AAA 患者的脉搏波速度（PWV）和心率为 75 次/分时的增强指数归一化值（AIx75）明显高于对照组（PWV：14.2±0.4m/s 比 12.6±0.4m/s， =0.014；AIx75：26.4±1.7%比 17.3±2.7%， =0.005）。十二周 LC n-3PUFA 补充剂可显著降低 PWV（基线：14.2±0.6m/s，第 12 周：12.8±0.7m/s， =0.014）和 AAA 患者的心率（基线：63±3bpm，第 12 周：58±3bpm， =0.009）。接受安慰剂胶囊的患者没有观察到变化。虽然这表明 LC n-3PUFAs 可能改善 AAA 患者的主动脉僵硬程度，但临床意义仍有待充分阐明。
