11 岁至 20 岁期间，骨骼肌肉投诉中男孩和女孩之间的差距日益扩大——PIAMA 出生队列研究。
A widening gap between boys and girls in musculoskeletal complaints, while growing up from age 11 to age 20 - the PIAMA birth Cohort study.
机构信息
Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Eur J Pain. 2021 Apr;25(4):902-912. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1719. Epub 2021 Jan 29.
INTRODUCTION
The adolescent years represent a key period for the development of musculoskeletal complaints (MSC) and the differences between boys and girls. We evaluated the prevalence and course of MSC and factors associated with MSC while growing up from age 11 to age 20.
METHODS
Questionnaire-based data at age 11 (n = 2,638), age 14 (n = 2,517), age 17 (n = 2,094) and at age 20 (n = 2,206) from the ongoing Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort were analyzed. MSC refers to pain of lower back, upper- and/or lower extremities. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate a number of factors in relation to persistent pain (pain reported at three out of four measurements).
RESULTS
Prevalence of MSC increased from 14.2% at age 11 to 22.1% at age 20 for boys, and from 17.4% at age 11 to 37.9% at age 20 for girls. Persistent pain was found among 5.1% of the boys and 16.5% of the girls. Being bullied, sleeping problems and tiredness during the day were significantly associated with persistent pain, in both boys and girls, while the latter two were more prevalent among girls. Self-reported (sports-) accidents, and among girls also early onset of puberty, were also significantly associated with persistent pain, but lifestyle factors, such as physical activity and smoking, were not.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of MSC increases during adolescence, with a widening gap between boys and girls. The factors associated with MSC are similar in boys and girls, though the prevalence of some of these differ by sex.
SIGNIFICANCE
Measuring a group of youngsters 4 times between age 11 and 20 shows an increase in the percentage reporting musculoskeletal complaints (MSC) with a widening gap between girls and boys, with more pain among girls. Boys and girls do hardly differ with respect to factors associated with MSC, being mainly psychosocial factors and (sports) accidents.
简介
青少年时期是肌肉骨骼疼痛（MSC）发展的关键时期，男孩和女孩之间存在差异。我们评估了从 11 岁到 20 岁期间 MSC 的患病率和发展过程，以及与 MSC 相关的因素。
方法
对正在进行的预防和哮喘及螨虫过敏（PIAMA）出生队列的 11 岁（n=2638）、14 岁（n=2517）、17 岁（n=2094）和 20 岁（n=2206）时的问卷调查数据进行了分析。MSC 是指下背部、上/下肢疼痛。采用多变量逻辑回归分析评估了与持续性疼痛（四项测量中有三项报告疼痛）相关的多种因素。
结果
男孩的 MSC 患病率从 11 岁时的 14.2%上升到 20 岁时的 22.1%，女孩的 MSC 患病率从 11 岁时的 17.4%上升到 20 岁时的 37.9%。男孩中有 5.1%、女孩中有 16.5%存在持续性疼痛。在男孩和女孩中，被欺负、睡眠问题和白天疲劳与持续性疼痛显著相关，而后者在女孩中更为普遍。自我报告的（运动）事故，以及女孩的青春期提前，也与持续性疼痛显著相关，但生活方式因素，如体力活动和吸烟，与持续性疼痛无关。
结论
在青春期期间，MSC 的患病率增加，男孩和女孩之间的差距扩大。与 MSC 相关的因素在男孩和女孩中相似，但其中一些因素的患病率因性别而异。
意义
在 11 岁至 20 岁之间对一组年轻人进行 4 次测量，显示报告肌肉骨骼疼痛（MSC）的百分比增加，男孩和女孩之间的差距扩大，女孩的疼痛更多。男孩和女孩在与 MSC 相关的因素方面几乎没有差异，主要是心理社会因素和（运动）事故。
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