Zhu Bitao, Xu Weiguo, Liu Jianguo, Ding Jianxun, Chen Xuesi
Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130041, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P.R. China.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2019 Feb 11;5(2):986-995. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01371. Epub 2018 Dec 31.
Large-scale bone defects are difficult to be regenerated entirely in the clinical practice. Bone tissue engineering has drawn more attention as an alternative to bone grafting owing to its convenience and flexibility. However, the low bioactivity of scaffolds and adverse effects of growth factors have hindered its practical application. Herein, the properties of poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold, including hydrophilicity and mechanical strength, were improved by a gelatin coating incorporated with two small molecules, alendronate (ALD) and naringin (NG). Interestingly, these two drugs demonstrated a synergistic effect for the repair of rat calvarial defect, as ALD had an inhibitory impact on osteoclast activity and NG had an osteogenic effect on mesenchymal stem cells. From the results of histopathological staining and microcomputed tomography, the PLGA scaffold incorporated with gelatin, ALD, and NG (PLGA+Gelatin/ALD/NG) almost completely repaired the rat calvarial defect with physiological integrity at 16 weeks. In all, this biphasic scaffold can be a promising alternative to the conventional scaffold for clinical application.
在临床实践中，大面积骨缺损很难完全再生。骨组织工程因其便利性和灵活性，作为骨移植的替代方法受到了更多关注。然而，支架的低生物活性和生长因子的副作用阻碍了其实际应用。在此，通过掺入两种小分子阿仑膦酸盐（ALD）和柚皮苷（NG）的明胶涂层改善了聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物（PLGA）支架的性能，包括亲水性和机械强度。有趣的是，这两种药物对大鼠颅骨缺损修复表现出协同作用，因为ALD对破骨细胞活性有抑制作用，而NG对间充质干细胞有促骨生成作用。从组织病理学染色和微型计算机断层扫描结果来看，掺入明胶、ALD和NG的PLGA支架（PLGA+明胶/ALD/NG）在16周时几乎完全修复了大鼠颅骨缺损，且生理完整性良好。总之，这种双相支架有望成为临床上传统支架的替代物。
