Ranjan Piyush, Bhattacharya Aakashneel, Chakrawarty Avinash, Das Rojaleen, Kumar Arvind, Pandey Shivam, Chowdhury Souradeep, Mittal Ankit, Baitha Upendra, Wig Naveet
Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND.
Infectious Diseases, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, IND.
Cureus. 2020 Dec 1;12(12):e11815. doi: 10.7759/cureus.11815.
Background Preventive practices are the mainstay to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. We tried to assess the self-reported adherence of our participants to the already known preventive practices. Furthermore, we tried to determine whether the non-compliance to specific preventive practices was associated with the acquisition of the infection or not. Methods We enrolled 379 healthcare workers, hospital staff, and their family members who were tested for COVID-19 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in an outpatient clinic. Socio-demography and the infection prevention practices of the individuals were recorded in a preformed questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed to find out the statistical association between these factors and the RT-PCR results. Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios were determined to find out the degree of protection provided by each of the preventive practices concerning the development of the disease. Results Social distancing (p<0.001), hand hygiene (p<0.001), ensuring N-95 mask fit check (p<0.001), and the use of alternative medications (p=0.002) were found to be protective. Resident doctors were at a lower risk of developing the disease as compared to the other healthcare workers (odds ratio: 0.39). Conclusion The failure to practice the already known preventive practices is probably one of the most important factors in the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. Adherence to these practices is the intervention of choice to reduce disease transmission in the current scenario.
背景 预防措施是减轻新冠疫情传播的主要手段。我们试图评估参与者自我报告的对已知预防措施的遵守情况。此外，我们试图确定不遵守特定预防措施是否与感染的发生有关。方法 我们招募了379名医护人员、医院工作人员及其家属，他们在门诊通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）进行了新冠病毒检测。在一份预先设计好的问卷中记录了个人的社会人口统计学信息和感染预防措施。进行统计分析以找出这些因素与RT-PCR结果之间的统计关联。确定调整和未调整的优势比，以找出每种预防措施对疾病发展提供的保护程度。结果 社交距离（p<0.001）、手部卫生（p<0.001）、确保N-95口罩贴合度检查（p<0.001）以及使用替代药物（p=0.002）被发现具有保护作用。与其他医护人员相比，住院医生患该病的风险较低（优势比：0.39）。结论 不践行已知的预防措施可能是新冠疫情蔓延的最重要因素之一。在当前情况下，遵守这些措施是减少疾病传播的首选干预措施。
