Minich Deanna M
University of Western States, 2900 NE 132nd Ave, Portland, OR 97230, USA.
Institute for Functional Medicine, 505 S 336th St #600, Federal Way, WA 98003, USA.
J Nutr Metab. 2019 Jun 2;2019:2125070. doi: 10.1155/2019/2125070. eCollection 2019.
Over the past decades, thousands of published studies have amassed supporting recommendations to consume fruits and vegetables for physiological and psychological health. Newer research has emerged to suggest that these plant-based foods contain a plethora of not only vitamins and minerals, but perhaps, most importantly, phytonutrients. These phytonutrients have known pleiotropic effects on cellular structure and function, ultimately resulting in the modulation of protein kinases and subsequent epigenetic modification in a manner that leads to improved outcomes. Even though eating fruits and vegetables is a well-known feature of a healthy dietary pattern, population intakes continue to be below federal recommendations. To encourage consumers to include fruits and vegetables into their diet, an "eat by color" approach is proposed in this review. Although each individual food may have numerous effects based on its constituents, the goal of this simplified approach was to identify general patterns of benefits based on the preponderance of scientific data and known mechanisms of food-based constituents. It is suggested that such a consumer-oriented categorization of these plant-based foods may lead to greater recognition of their importance in the daily diet throughout the lifespan. Other adjunctive strategies to heighten awareness of fruits and vegetables are discussed.
在过去几十年里，数千项已发表的研究积累了支持食用水果和蔬菜以促进生理和心理健康的建议。新的研究表明，这些植物性食物不仅含有大量维生素和矿物质，而且也许最重要的是，还含有植物营养素。这些植物营养素对细胞结构和功能具有多效性作用，最终导致蛋白激酶的调节以及随后的表观遗传修饰，从而产生改善的结果。尽管食用水果和蔬菜是健康饮食模式的一个众所周知的特征，但人群摄入量仍低于联邦建议水平。为了鼓励消费者在饮食中纳入水果和蔬菜，本综述提出了一种“按颜色食用”的方法。虽然每种食物可能因其成分而有多种作用，但这种简化方法的目的是根据大量科学数据和基于食物成分的已知机制，确定一般的益处模式。建议这种以消费者为导向的对这些植物性食物的分类，可能会使人们在整个生命周期中更认识到它们在日常饮食中的重要性。还讨论了其他提高对水果和蔬菜认识的辅助策略。
