Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1 Ave S, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5.
Trends Microbiol. 2021 Aug;29(8):713-724. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.12.003. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
Recent emerging evidence has revealed that regulatory noncoding RNAs (microRNAs, circular RNAs) modulate host-microbe interactions and they have been proposed as potential biomarkers of the host's response to microbiome-linked pathologies such as cancers, obesity, and neurodegenerative diseases. Interactions between microRNAs and circular RNAs, however, increase the complexity of the mechanisms that modulate host-microbe interactions. Current knowledge on these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) is mainly generated from well controlled germ-free or knockout (small) animal models. Application of such knowledge to effective modulation outcomes in humans (and livestock) is challenging due to the complex nature of microbiome-linked pathologies in larger outbred animals that constantly interact with the changing environment. This review critically discusses the findings of regulatory noncoding RNAs and their roles in microbiome-linked pathologies in small and large animals and provides insights on their roles as potential therapeutic agents to improve human (and livestock) health.
最近新出现的证据表明，调控性非编码 RNA（microRNAs、circRNAs）调节宿主-微生物相互作用，它们被提议作为宿主对与微生物组相关的病理学（如癌症、肥胖和神经退行性疾病）反应的潜在生物标志物。然而，microRNAs 和 circRNAs 之间的相互作用增加了调节宿主-微生物相互作用的机制的复杂性。这些非编码 RNA（ncRNAs）的现有知识主要是从小型无菌或基因敲除（小）动物模型中产生的。由于在与环境不断相互作用的大型杂交动物中，与微生物组相关的病理学具有复杂的性质，因此将这些知识应用于人类（和家畜）中有效的调节结果具有挑战性。本综述批判性地讨论了调控性非编码 RNA 的发现及其在小型和大型动物与微生物组相关病理学中的作用，并提供了关于它们作为改善人类（和家畜）健康的潜在治疗剂的作用的见解。
