Hajdarevic Braco, Vehabovic Ines, Catic Tarik, Masic Izet
University of Modern Sciences, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology - Medical School, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2020 Sep;32(3):200-206. doi: 10.5455/msm.2020.32.196-199.
The liver is the largest gland in the human body, and serves to store nutrients and neutralize harmful compounds. The liver plays a very important role in a number of metabolic, both catabolic and anabolic processes, and is therefore called the "central laboratory" of the organism. If liver disease occurs, they can affect all its parts-liver cells, bile ducts, blood and lymph vessels. The liver is damaged by various toxins, drugs, infections, disturbances in the blood supply and other disorders. Diet therapy has been a part of the process in the treatment of liver disease for a while. The therapeutic principle is better known as the "liver diet". The liver diet not only means the replenishment of calories and nutrients, but it significantly affects the course of the disease.
The aim of the research is to show that diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver disease as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function, as well as protecting the liver after overcoming the disease.
Among the respondents, there were 39 men (64%) and 22 women (36%) who had liver disease as a chronic condition. Most respondents are between 51 and 65 years old (28 and 46%, respectively), while the least number of respondents are in the 20 to 30 age group. The largest number of respondents cited alcohol as the cause of the disease, 31 of them (50.8%), while the virus was the cause of the disease in 15 respondents (24.5%). Of the total sample, most respondents answered that they sometimes (45.9%) or often (47.5%) overeat. The results of the questionnaire showed that 85.2% of the respondents were smokers before the diagnosis of the disease. In most respondents, the food they ate before diagnosis was moderately fatty (52.5%). Using chi-square tests, it was found that there are statistically significant differences in the consumption of almost all foods before the diagnosis of the disease and after the obtained dietary recommendations (p<0.05).
The aim of the research was confirmed that diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver disease as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function, and after overcoming the disease it still protects the liver. The main purpose of creating a diet therapy program and plan proved to be significant and necessary because more than half of the respondents rated our advice as excellent. As most causes of liver disease can be prevented, it is necessary to work on familiarizing the population with risk factors, promote a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition, and identify at-risk patients who must enter the monitoring system for early detection of liver disease.
肝脏是人体最大的腺体，用于储存营养物质和中和有害化合物。肝脏在许多代谢过程中发挥着非常重要的作用，包括分解代谢和合成代谢过程，因此被称为机体的“中央实验室”。如果发生肝脏疾病，可能会影响肝脏的所有部分——肝细胞、胆管、血管和淋巴管。肝脏会受到各种毒素、药物、感染、血液供应紊乱及其他病症的损害。一段时间以来，饮食疗法一直是肝病治疗过程的一部分。其治疗原则更广为人知的是“肝脏饮食”。肝脏饮食不仅意味着补充热量和营养，还会显著影响疾病进程。
本研究的目的是表明饮食疗法在肝病治疗中发挥着重要作用，它是促进肝脏更快恢复和恢复其正常功能的一个组成部分，并且在疾病治愈后还能保护肝脏。
在受访者中，有39名男性（64%）和22名女性（36%）患有慢性肝病。大多数受访者年龄在51岁至65岁之间（分别为28%和46%），而20至30岁年龄组的受访者最少。大多数受访者认为疾病的病因是饮酒，其中31人（50.8%），而15名受访者（24.5%）认为病因是病毒。在总样本中，大多数受访者回答他们有时（45.9%）或经常（47.5%）暴饮暴食。问卷调查结果显示，85.2%的受访者在疾病诊断前吸烟。在大多数受访者中，他们在诊断前食用的食物脂肪含量适中（52.5%）。通过卡方检验发现，在疾病诊断前和获得饮食建议后，几乎所有食物的摄入量在统计学上存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
本研究的目的得到了证实，即饮食疗法在肝病治疗中发挥着重要作用，它是促进肝脏更快恢复和恢复其正常功能的一个组成部分，并且在疾病治愈后还能保护肝脏。制定饮食疗法计划和方案的主要目的被证明是重要且必要的，因为超过一半的受访者对我们的建议评价很高。由于大多数肝病病因是可以预防的，有必要致力于让公众了解风险因素，推广健康的生活方式和合理营养，并识别必须进入监测系统以早期发现肝病的高危患者。
