Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2021 Jan;35(1):363-371. doi: 10.1111/jvim.16023. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
Lumbar syringomyelia (SM), lumbosacral pain, and more caudal spinal cord termination are reported in Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS). Data are lacking on the clinical relevance of alterations in their spinal cord terminal structures.
To compare spinal cord termination level and filum terminale internum length (FTIL) with presence of lumbar SM and clinical signs in CKCS.
Forty-eight CKCS.
In this prospective study, pain was quantified using owner and clinician assessments. Vertebral level of spinal cord and dural sac termination, presence of SM, and FTIL were determined from sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. Kappa and intraclass correlation (ICC) analyses determined interobserver reliability. The MRI findings were compared to owner and clinician-reported pain quantification.
Interobserver reliability was good for spinal cord and dural sac termination (kappa = 0.61 and 0.64, respectively) and excellent for FTIL (ICC: 92% agreement). The spinal cord terminated at 6th lumbar vertebra in 1, 7th lumbar vertebra in 31, and the sacrum in 15 dogs, and termination level was associated with lumbar SM (P = .002) but not clinical signs. Mean FTIL was 2.9 ± 1.08 mm; it was associated with owner-reported pain (P = .033) and spinal palpation scores (P = .023). Painful CKCS without SM had shorter FTIL compared to normal CKCS and painful CKCS with SM (P = .02).
Painful CKCS without SM have decreased distance between the termination of the spinal cord and dural sac, suggesting a shorter FTIL. More caudal spinal cord termination is associated with development of lumbar SM.
报道过卡提尔·查尔斯王小猎犬（CKCS）存在脊髓空洞症（SM）、腰骶部疼痛和更低位的脊髓末端。但关于其脊髓末端结构改变的临床相关性的数据尚缺乏。
比较 CKCS 的脊髓末端水平和内部终丝长度（FTIL）与腰椎 SM 和临床症状的关系。
48 只 CKCS。
在这项前瞻性研究中，使用主人和临床医生评估来量化疼痛。从矢状面磁共振成像（MRI）序列确定脊髓和硬脊膜末端的椎体水平、SM 的存在以及 FTIL。Kappa 和组内相关系数（ICC）分析确定了观察者间的可靠性。将 MRI 结果与主人和临床医生报告的疼痛量化进行比较。
脊髓和硬脊膜末端的观察者间可靠性良好（kappa 值分别为 0.61 和 0.64），FTIL 的 ICC 为 92%（一致性）。脊髓在 1 只狗终止于第 6 腰椎，在 31 只狗终止于第 7 腰椎，在 15 只狗终止于骶骨，终止水平与腰椎 SM 相关（P =.002），但与临床症状无关。平均 FTIL 为 2.9±1.08mm；它与主人报告的疼痛（P =.033）和脊髓触诊评分（P =.023）相关。无 SM 的疼痛性 CKCS 的 FTIL 比正常 CKCS 和有 SM 的疼痛性 CKCS 短（P =.02）。
无 SM 的疼痛性 CKCS 的脊髓和硬脊膜末端之间的距离缩短，提示 FTIL 缩短。更低位的脊髓末端与腰椎 SM 的发展相关。
