心理洞察问卷在使用裸盖菇素或 LSD 的人群样本中的发展。
Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD.
机构信息
College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Center for Psychedelic and Conscioussness Research, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
出版信息
J Psychopharmacol. 2021 Apr;35(4):437-446. doi: 10.1177/0269881120967878. Epub 2021 Jan 9.
BACKGROUND
Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no measure assesses acute psychologically insightful experiences that may occur during psychedelic experiences.
AIM
The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire.
METHOD
A cross-sectional survey study among psilocybin and LSD users. Respondents (=1661; =22.9, standard deviation=8.5; Caucasian/White=83%; non-Hispanic=91%; men=72%; United States resident=66%) completed an Internet-based survey.
RESULTS
The Psychological Insight Questionnaire consists of 23 items with two subscales: (a) Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and (b) Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights. Construct validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire was supported by strong correlations of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores with the insight subscale of the Session Impacts Scale, and weak-to-moderate correlations with the Mystical Experiences and Challenging Experiences Questionnaires. Furthermore, Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores were moderately-to-strongly correlated with retrospectively reported increases in psychological flexibility, and well-being/life satisfaction that were attributed to a memorable psychedelic experience. Lastly, incremental validity was established showing that the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights subscale) scores predict unique variance in changes in psychological flexibility, and Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores predict changes in well-being and life satisfaction, beyond measures of acute mystical-type and challenging effects.
CONCLUSIONS
The Psychological Insight Questionnaire has the potential to extend the understanding of the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the long-term predictive validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire and to examine the role of psychological insight in predicting therapeutic outcomes.
背景
已经开发出了几种方法来评估急性迷幻药物效应（例如，神秘体验和挑战性体验），但没有方法可以评估迷幻药物体验中可能出现的急性心理洞察力体验。
目的
本研究旨在开发和检验心理洞察力问卷的心理测量学特性。
方法
对 psilocybin 和 LSD 用户进行了横断面调查研究。被试者（=1661；年龄=22.9，标准差=8.5；白种人/白人=83%；非西班牙裔=91%；男性=72%；美国居民=66%）完成了一项基于互联网的调查。
结果
心理洞察力问卷由 23 个项目组成，分为两个分量表：（a）回避和适应不良模式洞察力，（b）目标和适应模式洞察力。心理洞察力问卷的结构效度得到了支持，心理洞察力问卷（以及回避和适应不良模式洞察力和目标和适应模式洞察力分量表）的得分与会议影响量表的洞察力分量表高度相关，与神秘体验和挑战性体验问卷的得分呈弱到中度相关。此外，心理洞察力问卷（以及回避和适应不良模式洞察力和目标和适应模式洞察力分量表）的得分与回忆中因难忘的迷幻体验而导致的心理灵活性和幸福感/生活满意度的增加呈中度到高度相关。最后，建立了增量有效性，表明心理洞察力问卷（以及回避和适应不良模式洞察力分量表）的得分可以预测心理灵活性变化的独特方差，心理洞察力问卷（以及回避和适应不良模式洞察力和目标和适应模式洞察力分量表）的得分可以预测幸福感和生活满意度的变化，而不仅仅是评估急性神秘体验和挑战性体验的指标。
结论
心理洞察力问卷有可能扩展对迷幻药物急性和持久效应的理解。需要进一步的纵向研究来确定心理洞察力问卷的长期预测有效性，并检验心理洞察力在预测治疗结果中的作用。
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