Appel Jennie H, Li Duo O, Podlevsky Joshua D, Debnath Abhishek, Green Alexander A, Wang Qing Hua, Chae Junseok
School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, ‡Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, §School of Molecular Sciences, and ∥Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, §School of Molecular Sciences, and ∥Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2016 Mar 14;2(3):361-367. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00467. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
Atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted considerable interest because of their unique combination of properties, including photoluminescence, high lubricity, flexibility, and catalytic activity. These unique properties suggest future uses for TMDs in medical applications such as orthodontics, endoscopy, and optogenetics. However, few studies thus far have investigated the biocompatibility of mechanically exfoliated and chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown pristine two-dimensional TMDs. Here, we evaluate pristine molybdenum disulfide (MoS) and tungsten disulfide (WS) in a series of biocompatibility tests, including live-dead cell assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation assays, and direct assessment of cellular morphology of TMD-exposed human epithelial kidney cells (HEK293f). Genotoxicity and genetic mutagenesis were also evaluated for these materials via the Ames Fluctuation test with the bacterial strain TA100. Scanning electron microscopy of cultured HEK293f cells in direct contact with MoS and WS showed no impact on cell morphology. HEK293f cell viability, evaluated by both live-dead fluorescence labeling to detect acute toxicity and ROS to monitor for apoptosis, was unaffected by these materials. Exposure of bacterial cells to these TMDs failed to generate genetic mutation. Together, these findings demonstrate that neither mechanically exfoliated nor CVD-grown TMDs are deleterious to cellular viability or induce genetic defects. Thus, these TMDs appear biocompatible for future application in medical devices.
原子级薄的过渡金属二硫属化物（TMDs）因其独特的性能组合而备受关注，这些性能包括光致发光、高润滑性、柔韧性和催化活性。这些独特性能表明TMDs在正畸、内窥镜检查和光遗传学等医学应用中有未来用途。然而，到目前为止，很少有研究调查机械剥离和化学气相沉积（CVD）生长的原始二维TMDs的生物相容性。在这里，我们在一系列生物相容性测试中评估了原始二硫化钼（MoS）和二硫化钨（WS），包括活死细胞检测、活性氧（ROS）生成检测，以及对暴露于TMDs的人上皮肾细胞（HEK293f）的细胞形态进行直接评估。还通过使用TA100菌株的Ames波动试验对这些材料的遗传毒性和遗传诱变进行了评估。对与MoS和WS直接接触的培养HEK293f细胞进行扫描电子显微镜观察，结果显示对细胞形态没有影响。通过活死荧光标记检测急性毒性和ROS监测细胞凋亡来评估的HEK293f细胞活力不受这些材料的影响。将细菌细胞暴露于这些TMDs未能产生基因突变。总之，这些发现表明，机械剥离或CVD生长的TMDs对细胞活力均无有害影响，也不会诱发遗传缺陷。因此，这些TMDs在医疗设备的未来应用中似乎具有生物相容性。
