State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
Yantai Academy of Agricultural Science, Yantai, 265500, China.
BMC Genomics. 2021 Jan 11;22(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-07348-6.
Histone acetylation is a ubiquitous and reversible post-translational modification in eukaryotes and prokaryotes that is co-regulated by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC). HAT activity is important for the modification of chromatin structure in eukaryotic cells, affecting gene transcription and thereby playing a crucial regulatory role in plant development. Comprehensive analyses of HAT genes have been performed in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, barley, grapes, tomato, litchi and Zea mays, but comparable identification and analyses have not been conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum).
In this study, 31 TaHATs were identified and divided into six groups with conserved gene structures and motif compositions. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to predict functional similarities between Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa and Triticum aestivum HAT genes. The TaHATs appeared to be regulated by cis-acting elements such as LTR and TC-rich repeats. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the TaHATs were differentially expressed in multiple tissues. The TaHATs in expression also responded to temperature changes, and were all significantly upregulated after being infected by barley streak mosaic virus (BSMV), Chinese wheat mosaic virus (CWMV) and wheat yellow mosaic virus (WYMV).
These results suggest that TaHATs may have specific roles in the response to viral infection and provide a basis for further study of TaHAT functions in T. aestivum plant immunity.
组蛋白乙酰化是真核生物和原核生物中普遍存在且可逆转的翻译后修饰，由组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HAT）和组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）共同调控。HAT 活性对于真核细胞染色质结构的修饰很重要，影响基因转录，从而在植物发育中发挥关键的调节作用。在拟南芥、水稻、大麦、葡萄、番茄、荔枝和玉米中已经对 HAT 基因进行了全面分析，但在小麦（Triticum aestivum）中尚未进行可比的鉴定和分析。
本研究鉴定了 31 个 TaHATs，并将其分为六个组，具有保守的基因结构和基序组成。对拟南芥、水稻和小麦 HAT 基因进行了系统发育分析，以预测其功能相似性。TaHATs 似乎受到顺式作用元件如 LTR 和 TC 丰富重复的调控。qRT-PCR 分析显示，TaHATs 在多种组织中表达差异。TaHATs 的表达也对温度变化有响应，并且在感染大麦条纹花叶病毒（BSMV）、中国小麦花叶病毒（CWMV）和小麦黄花叶病毒（WYMV）后均显著上调。
这些结果表明 TaHATs 可能在病毒感染的反应中具有特定的作用，并为进一步研究 TaHAT 在小麦植物免疫中的功能提供了基础。
