Jung Hak-Sung, Neuman Keir C
Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Jan 9;11(1):153. doi: 10.3390/nano11010153.
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are a new class of carbon nanomaterials that offer great promise for biological applications such as cell labeling, imaging, and sensing due to their exceptional optical properties and biocompatibility. Implementation of these applications requires reliable and precise surface functionalization. Although diamonds are generally considered inert, they typically possess diverse surface groups that permit a range of different functionalization strategies. This review provides an overview of nanodiamond surface functionalization methods including homogeneous surface termination approaches (hydrogenation, halogenation, amination, oxidation, and reduction), in addition to covalent and non-covalent surface modification with different functional moieties. Furthermore, the subsequent coupling of biomolecules onto functionalized nanodiamonds is reviewed. Finally, biomedical applications of nanodiamonds are discussed in the context of functionalization.
荧光纳米金刚石（FNDs）是一类新型碳纳米材料，因其卓越的光学性能和生物相容性，在细胞标记、成像和传感等生物应用方面具有巨大潜力。这些应用的实现需要可靠且精确的表面功能化。尽管金刚石通常被认为是惰性的，但它们通常具有多种表面基团，这使得一系列不同的功能化策略成为可能。本综述概述了纳米金刚石表面功能化方法，包括均匀表面终止方法（氢化、卤化、胺化、氧化和还原），以及用不同功能基团进行的共价和非共价表面修饰。此外，还综述了生物分子随后与功能化纳米金刚石的偶联。最后，在功能化的背景下讨论了纳米金刚石的生物医学应用。
