Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020 Aug;113:110996. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110996. Epub 2020 Apr 22.
Nanodiamonds (NDs), recent member of carbon nanomaterial, are nano-scale carbon allotropes having versatile surface chemistry. NDs are commonly synthesized by detonation and followed by purification, surface modification and surface functionalization. Surface functionalization of NDs enhances safety, bio-compatibility and lowers toxicity. It involves initial surface homogenization followed by attachment of ligand on NDs which increases hydrophobicity, reduces surface charge and improves surface chemistry. Generally, surface functionalization is carried out by covalent and non-covalent attachment and in biomedical applications various functional groups, biomolecules, or polymers can be attached to NDs. This review is focused on surface functionalization methods for NDs and their biomedical applications. Surface functionalization is beneficial to improve physicochemical properties of NDs which may be further utilized in diagnosis and targeted drug delivery.
纳米金刚石（NDs）是碳纳米材料的新成员，具有多功能的表面化学性质，属于纳米级碳的同素异形体。NDs 通常通过爆炸合成，然后进行纯化、表面改性和表面功能化。NDs 的表面功能化可以提高安全性、生物相容性和降低毒性。这涉及到初始表面均匀化，然后在 NDs 上连接配体，增加疏水性、降低表面电荷并改善表面化学性质。通常，表面功能化是通过共价和非共价键的附着来实现的，在生物医学应用中，可以将各种官能团、生物分子或聚合物附着到 NDs 上。本综述重点介绍了 NDs 的表面功能化方法及其在生物医学中的应用。表面功能化有利于改善 NDs 的物理化学性质，可进一步用于诊断和靶向药物输送。
