Zeldow P B, Daugherty S R, McAdams D P
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1988 Mar;176(3):182-7. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198803000-00007.
Numerous reports suggest that medical school has adverse psychological effects on medical students, although not all students are affected equally. The authors examined the effects of two social motives, the need for power and the need for intimacy, on measures of well-being and distress obtained throughout the undergraduate years. Medical students high in both power and intimacy motivation were more depressed, neurotic, fatalistic, and self-doubting than were their classmates. These effects began at the end of year 1, peaked in year 2, and disappeared by the end of clerkships. High intimacy-low power students had the highest levels of well-being. These effects were equally true in men and women and both support and render more precise prior role conflict explanations.
众多报告表明，医学院校对医学生有不良心理影响，不过并非所有学生受到的影响都相同。作者研究了两种社会动机，即权力需求和亲密需求，对本科阶段学生幸福感和痛苦程度衡量指标的影响。在权力动机和亲密动机方面得分都高的医学生比他们的同学更抑郁、更神经质、更宿命论且更自我怀疑。这些影响从第一年年底开始，在第二年达到顶峰，并在实习结束时消失。亲密动机高但权力动机低的学生幸福感最高。这些影响在男性和女性中同样存在，既支持了先前关于角色冲突的解释，又使其更加精确。
