Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 12;11(1):619. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79802-0.
Sanguinarine (SAN) and chelerythrine (CHE) have been widely used as substitutes for antibiotics for decades. For a long time, SAN and CHE have been extracted from mainly Macleaya cordata, a plant species that is a traditional herb in China and belongs to the Papaveraceae family. However, with the sharp increase in demand for SAN and CHE, it is necessary to develop a new method to enhance the supply of raw materials. Here, we used methyl jasmonate (MJ), salicylic acid (SA) and wounding alone and in combination to stimulate aseptic seedlings of M. cordata at 0 h, 24 h, 72 h and 120 h and then compared the differences in metabolic profiles and gene expression. Ultimately, we found that the effect of using MJ alone was the best treatment, with the contents of SAN and CHE increasing by 10- and 14-fold, respectively. However, the increased SAN and CHE contents in response to combined wounding and MJ were less than those for induced by the treatment with MJ alone. Additionally, after MJ treatment, SAN and CHE biosynthetic pathway genes, such as those encoding the protopine 6-hydroxylase and dihydrobenzophenanthridine oxidase enzymes, were highly expressed, which is consistent with the accumulation of SAN and CHE. At the same time, we have also studied the changes in the content of synthetic intermediates of SAN and CHE after elicitor induction. This study is the first systematic research report about using elicitors to increase the SAN and CHE in Macleaya cordata.
血根碱（SAN）和白屈菜红碱（CHE）作为抗生素替代品已被广泛使用数十年。长期以来，SAN 和 CHE 主要从中国传统草药罂粟科博落回（Macleaya cordata）中提取，然而，随着 SAN 和 CHE 需求的急剧增加，有必要开发一种新的方法来增加原材料的供应。在这里，我们使用茉莉酸甲酯（MJ）、水杨酸（SA）单独和组合刺激博落回无菌苗在 0、24、72 和 120 h，然后比较代谢谱和基因表达的差异。最终，我们发现单独使用 MJ 的效果最好，SAN 和 CHE 的含量分别增加了 10 倍和 14 倍。然而，联合创伤和 MJ 处理后增加的 SAN 和 CHE 含量低于单独使用 MJ 处理后的含量。此外，在 MJ 处理后，SAN 和 CHE 生物合成途径基因，如编码原阿片碱 6-羟化酶和二氢苯并菲氧化酶的基因，高度表达，这与 SAN 和 CHE 的积累一致。同时，我们还研究了诱导剂诱导后 SAN 和 CHE 合成中间体含量的变化。这项研究是关于使用诱导剂增加博落回中 SAN 和 CHE 的首次系统研究报告。
