Institute for Microsystems Technology (iMST), Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Str. 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany.
Institute for Applied Physics and Center LISA+, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 10, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021 Jan 27;13(3):3536-3546. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c17990. Epub 2021 Jan 13.
TiO thin films were deposited on the orthopedic implant material polyetheretherketone (PEEK) by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) and characterized for their ability to enhance the osseointegrative properties. PEALD was chosen for film deposition to circumvent drawbacks present in line-of-sight deposition techniques, which require technically complex setups for a homogeneous coating thickness. Film conformality was analyzed on silicon 3D test structures and PEEK with micron-scale surface roughness. Wettability and surface energy were determined through contact angle measurements; film roughness and crystallinity were determined by atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. Adhesion properties of TiO on PEEK were determined with tensile strength tests. Cell tests were performed with the mouse mesenchymal tumor stem cell line ST-2. TiO-coated PEEK disks were used as substrates for cell proliferation tests and long-term differentiation tests. After 28 days of cultivation, a mineralized bone matrix was observed. Furthermore, the collagen I and osteocalcin content were determined. The results reveal that the osteogenic properties of the TiO thin film are comparable to those of hydroxyapatite, and thus bioactive properties of PEEK implants are improved by TiO thin films deposited with PEALD.
通过等离子体增强原子层沉积（PEALD）在骨科植入材料聚醚醚酮（PEEK）上沉积 TiO 薄膜，并对其增强骨整合特性的能力进行了表征。选择 PEALD 进行薄膜沉积是为了避免视线沉积技术存在的缺陷，这些技术需要复杂的技术设置才能获得均匀的涂层厚度。在具有微米级表面粗糙度的硅 3D 测试结构和 PEEK 上分析了薄膜的共形性。通过接触角测量确定润湿性和表面能；通过原子力显微镜和 X 射线衍射分别确定薄膜粗糙度和结晶度。通过拉伸强度测试确定 TiO 在 PEEK 上的粘附性能。使用小鼠间充质肿瘤干细胞系 ST-2 进行细胞测试。将 TiO 涂层的 PEEK 圆盘用作细胞增殖测试和长期分化测试的基板。培养 28 天后，观察到矿化的骨基质。此外，还测定了胶原蛋白 I 和骨钙素的含量。结果表明，TiO 薄膜的成骨性能可与羟基磷灰石相媲美，因此通过 PEALD 沉积 TiO 薄膜可改善 PEEK 植入物的生物活性。
