Biotechnology Engineering Department, Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University, Malaysia (IIUM), P. O. Box 10, Gombak, 50728, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), Level 3, KICT Building, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
International Institute for Halal Research and Training (INHART), Level 3, KICT Building, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Jalan Gombak, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Apr 24;270:113813. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113813. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
Medicinal plants have been used by indigenous people across the world for centuries to help individuals preserve their wellbeing and cure diseases. Annona muricata L. (Graviola) which is belonging to the Annonaceae family has been traditionally used due to its medicinal abilities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cancer cell growth inhibition. Graviola is claimed to be a potential antitumor due to its selective cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines. However, the metabolic mechanism information underlying the anticancer activity remains limited.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of ionic liquid-Graviola fruit pulp extract (IL-GPE) on the metabolomics behavior of colon cancer (HT29) by using an untargeted GC-TOFMS-based metabolic profiling.
Multivariate data analysis was used to determine the metabolic profiling, and the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to predict the altered canonical pathways after treating the HT29 cells with crude IL-GPE and Taxol (positive control).
The principal components analysis (PCA) identified 44 metabolites with the most reliable factor loading, and the cluster analysis (CA) separated three groups of metabolites: metabolites specific to the non-treated HT29 cells, metabolites specific to the treated HT29 cells with the crude IL-GPE and metabolites specific to Taxol treatment. Pathway analysis of metabolomic profiles revealed an alteration of many metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, aerobic glycolysis, urea cycle and ketone bodies metabolism that contribute to energy metabolism and cancer cell proliferation.
The crude IL-GPE can be one of the promising anticancer agents due to its selective inhibition of energy metabolism and cancer cell proliferation.
几个世纪以来，世界各地的原住民一直使用药用植物来帮助人们保持健康和治疗疾病。番荔枝（Annona muricata L.，隶属于番荔枝科）因其具有抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化和抑制癌细胞生长等药用特性而被传统使用。据称，由于其对几种癌细胞系的选择性细胞毒性，番荔枝可能具有抗肿瘤作用。然而，其抗癌活性的代谢机制信息仍然有限。
本研究旨在通过非靶向 GC-TOFMS 代谢组学分析，研究离子液体-番荔枝果肉提取物（IL-GPE）对结肠癌（HT29）代谢组学行为的影响。
采用多元数据分析确定代谢组学特征，并采用 IPA 分析预测 HT29 细胞用粗 IL-GPE 和紫杉醇（阳性对照）处理后的改变的经典途径。
主成分分析（PCA）确定了 44 种具有最可靠因子负荷的代谢物，聚类分析（CA）将代谢物分为三组：非处理 HT29 细胞特有的代谢物、粗 IL-GPE 处理的 HT29 细胞特有的代谢物和紫杉醇处理的 HT29 细胞特有的代谢物。代谢组学特征的通路分析显示，许多代谢途径发生了改变，包括氨基酸代谢、有氧糖酵解、尿素循环和酮体代谢，这些途径有助于能量代谢和癌细胞增殖。
由于粗 IL-GPE 选择性抑制能量代谢和癌细胞增殖，因此它可能是一种有前途的抗癌药物。
