Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA.
National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, Mississippi, USA.
Carcinogenesis. 2018 Apr 5;39(4):522-533. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgy024.
Cancer remains a leading cause of death in the USA and around the world. Although the current synthetic inhibitors used in targeted therapies have improved patient prognosis, toxicity and development of resistance to these agents remain a challenge. Plant-derived natural products and their derivatives have historically been used to treat various diseases, including cancer. Several leading chemotherapeutic agents are directly or indirectly based on botanical natural products. Beyond these important drugs, however, a number of crude herbal or botanical preparations have also shown promising utility for cancer and other disorders. One such natural resource is derived from certain plants of the family Annonaceae, which are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Among the best known of these is Annona muricata, also known as soursop, graviola or guanabana. Extracts from the fruit, bark, seeds, roots and leaves of graviola, along with several other Annonaceous species, have been extensively investigated for anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Phytochemical studies have identified the acetogenins, a class of bioactive polyketide-derived constituents, from the extracts of Annonaceous species, and dozens of these compounds are present in different parts of graviola. This review summarizes current literature on the therapeutic potential and molecular mechanism of these constituents from A.muricata against cancer and many non-malignant diseases. Based on available data, there is good evidence that these long-used plants could have both chemopreventive and therapeutic potential. Appropriate attention to safety studies will be important to assess their effectiveness on various diseases caused or promoted by inflammation.
癌症仍然是美国和全球的主要死亡原因之一。尽管目前用于靶向治疗的合成抑制剂提高了患者的预后，但这些药物的毒性和耐药性仍然是一个挑战。植物来源的天然产物及其衍生物历来被用于治疗各种疾病，包括癌症。几种主要的化疗药物直接或间接基于植物天然产物。除了这些重要的药物外，许多粗草药或植物制剂也显示出对癌症和其他疾病的应用潜力。一种这样的自然资源来自番荔枝科的某些植物，这些植物广泛分布在热带和亚热带地区。其中最著名的是番荔枝，也被称为刺果番荔枝、南美梨果番荔枝或王棕。番荔枝的果实、树皮、种子、根和叶的提取物以及其他几种番荔枝科植物的提取物，因其具有抗癌、抗炎和抗氧化特性而被广泛研究。植物化学研究已经从番荔枝科植物的提取物中鉴定出了一类生物活性的聚酮衍生成分——醋酸酯类，并且在南美梨果番荔枝的不同部位存在数十种此类化合物。这篇综述总结了目前关于这些成分治疗癌症和许多非恶性疾病的潜在作用和分子机制的文献。根据现有数据，这些长期使用的植物具有化学预防和治疗潜力的证据充分。适当关注安全性研究对于评估它们在各种由炎症引起或促进的疾病中的有效性非常重要。
