Yisak Hiwot, Ewunetei Amien, Kefale Belayneh, Mamuye Melkalem, Teshome Fentaw, Ambaw Birhanie, Yideg Yitbarek Getachew
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Jan 7;14:31-38. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S291584. eCollection 2021.
Vitamin D status is related to risks of influenza and respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D has direct antiviral effects primarily against enveloped viruses, and coronavirus is an enveloped virus. The 2019 coronavirus disease had a high mortality rate and impacted the whole population of the planet, with severe acute respiratory syndrome the principal cause of death. Vitamin D can adequately modulate and regulate the immune and oxidative response to infection with COVID-19. The goal of this systematic review was thus to summarize and decide if there were a link between vitamin D status and COVID-19 infection and prognosis.
The protocol of this study is documented in the Prospero database and can be accessed with the protocol number CRD42020201283. PubMed and Google Scholar were used for a literature search from August 2020 to September 2020. We restricted the year of publication of reviewed articles to 2019-2020, and the selected language was English. Studies that used secondary data, feedback, or analysis of reviews were removed. To assess the standard of studies included, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method was used.
Of the nine studies reviewed, seven (77.8%) showed that COVID-19 infection, prognosis, and mortality were correlated with vitamin D status.
Most of the articles reviewed showed that blood vitamin D status can determine the risk of being infected with COVID-19, seriousness of COVID-19, and mortality from COVID-19. Therefore, maintaining appropriate levels of Vitamin D through supplementation or natural methods, eg, sunlight on the skin, is recommended for the public to be able to cope with the pandemic.
维生素D水平与流感及呼吸道感染风险相关。维生素D具有直接抗病毒作用，主要针对包膜病毒，而冠状病毒是一种包膜病毒。2019冠状病毒病死亡率高，影响全球人口，严重急性呼吸综合征是主要死因。维生素D能够充分调节和调控对2019冠状病毒病感染的免疫和氧化反应。因此，本系统评价的目的是总结并确定维生素D水平与2019冠状病毒病感染及预后之间是否存在关联。
本研究方案已记录在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（Prospero）数据库中，可通过方案编号CRD42020201283获取。2020年8月至2020年9月期间，使用PubMed和谷歌学术进行文献检索。我们将综述文章的发表年份限制在2019 - 2020年，所选语言为英语。排除使用二次数据、反馈或综述分析的研究。为评估纳入研究的标准，采用了推荐分级、评估、制定与评价（GRADE）方法。
在纳入综述的9项研究中，7项（77.8%）表明2019冠状病毒病感染、预后和死亡率与维生素D水平相关。
大多数综述文章表明，血液中维生素D水平可决定感染2019冠状病毒病的风险、2019冠状病毒病的严重程度以及2019冠状病毒病导致的死亡率。因此，建议公众通过补充或自然方式（如皮肤接受阳光照射）维持适当的维生素D水平，以便应对疫情。
