Jawhari Fatima Zahra, Moussaoui Abdelfattah E L, Bourhia Mohammed, Imtara Hamada, Saghrouchni Hamza, Ammor Kenza, Ouassou Hayat, Elamine Youssef, Ullah Riaz, Ezzeldin Essam, Mostafa Gamal A E, Bari Amina
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food, and Health (LBEAS), Faculty of Sciences, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Fez 30050, Morocco.
Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Casablanca, B.P. 5696, Casablanca 20250, Morocco.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Jan 13;10(1):149. doi: 10.3390/plants10010149.
In this work, two varieties of (L.) including var. (L.) and var. (Ball) Maire were evaluated for their mineral and chemical compositions, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities using hydroalcoholic extracts from their different parts (leaves, capitula, roots, and seeds). The phytochemical and mineral compositions were carried out using standard methods. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid), and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) tests. The antimicrobial activity was assayed using the agar diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal concentration methods. The results of the chemical analysis showed that both varieties contained interesting mineral and chemical compositions with potentially active compounds; among them, -isobutyl-2,4-heptadiene-6-monoynamide and cinnamic acid were detected in the var. (L.) only while thiadiazolo [5,4-d] pyrimidin-7-amine and -isobutyl-2,4-undecadiene-8,10-diynamide compounds were limited to the var. (Ball) Maire. In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the two varieties demonstrated that the different parts had prominent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed great similarity in the activity of the leaves, capitula, and seeds of both plants and a high difference in roots. var. roots were characterized by a high content in phenols and flavonoids and better antibacterial activities compared to var. (Ball) Maire roots, which were characterized by better antioxidant activities. From this study, it can be concluded that the two varieties of (L.) showed promising mineral and chemical compositions with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
在本研究中，对两种（L.）植物品种，即变种（L.）和变种（Ball）Maire，使用其不同部位（叶、头状花序、根和种子）的水醇提取物，评估了它们的矿物质和化学成分、总酚和黄酮含量以及抗菌和抗氧化活性。采用标准方法进行植物化学和矿物质成分分析。通过DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼）、ABTS（2,2-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）和FRAP（铁还原抗氧化能力）试验测定抗氧化活性。采用琼脂扩散法、最低抑菌浓度法和最低杀菌浓度法测定抗菌活性。化学分析结果表明，两个品种均含有具有潜在活性化合物的有趣矿物质和化学成分；其中，-异丁基-2,4-庚二烯-6-单炔酰胺和肉桂酸仅在变种（L.）中检测到，而噻二唑并[5,4-d]嘧啶-7-胺和-异丁基-2,4-十一碳二烯-8,10-二炔酰胺化合物仅限于变种（Ball）Maire。两个品种的体外抗氧化和抗菌活性表明，不同部位具有显著的抗氧化和抗菌特性。主成分分析（PCA）表明，两种植物的叶、头状花序和种子的活性具有高度相似性，而根的活性差异较大。变种根的特点是酚类和黄酮类含量高，抗菌活性优于变种（Ball）Maire根，后者的特点是抗氧化活性更好。从这项研究可以得出结论，两种（L.）植物品种显示出具有抗氧化和抗菌特性的有前景的矿物质和化学成分。
