Agronomy Department, Plant Production Faculty, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
Agronomy Department, Agriculture Faculty, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 15;11(1):1572. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81310-8.
Knowledge about the fitness cost imposed by herbicide resistance in weeds is instrumental in devising integrated management methods. The present study investigated the germination response of ACCase-resistant (R) and susceptible (S) winter wild oat under different environmental conditions. The DNA of the plants was sequenced after being extracted and purified. The segregated F seeds were subjected to various temperatures, water potentials, NaCl concentrations, different pHs, darkness conditions, and burial depths. The results of the sequencing indicated that Ile-2041-Asn mutation is responsible for the evolution of resistance in the studied winter wild oat plants. The seeds were able to germinate over a wide range of temperatures, osmotic potentials, NaCl concentrations, and pHs. Germination percentage of R and S seeds under dark and light conditions was similar and ranged from 86.3 to 88.3%. The highest emergence percentage for both R and S plants was obtained in 0, 1, and 2 cm depths and ranged from 66.6 to 70.3%. In overall, no differences were observed in the germination response between the R and S winter wild oat plants under all studied conditions. No fitness cost at seed level indicates that control of R winter wild oats is more difficult, and it is essential to adopt crop and herbicide rotation to delay the further evolution of resistance.
关于杂草抗除草剂所带来的适应性代价的知识对于制定综合管理方法至关重要。本研究调查了 ACCase 抗（R）和敏感（S）型冬季野燕麦在不同环境条件下的萌发反应。提取并纯化植物的 DNA 后，对其进行测序。将分离的 F 代种子置于不同温度、水势、NaCl 浓度、不同 pH 值、黑暗条件和埋藏深度下。测序结果表明，Ile-2041-Asn 突变导致研究中的冬季野燕麦植物产生了抗药性。这些种子能够在较宽的温度、渗透压、NaCl 浓度和 pH 值范围内萌发。在黑暗和光照条件下，R 和 S 种子的萌发率相似，范围在 86.3%至 88.3%之间。R 和 S 型植物的最高出苗率在 0、1 和 2 厘米的深度，范围在 66.6%至 70.3%之间。总体而言，在所有研究条件下，R 和 S 型冬季野燕麦种子的萌发反应没有差异。在种子水平上没有观察到适应性代价，这表明控制 R 型冬季野燕麦更加困难，必须采用作物和除草剂轮作来延缓抗性的进一步进化。
