Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020 Aug 10;6(8):4653-4665. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00612. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Injectable hydrogels have unique advantages for the repair of irregular tissue defects. In this study, we report a novel injectable carbon nanotube (CNT) and black phosphorus (BP) gel with enhanced mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and continuous phosphate ion release for tissue engineering. The gel utilized biodegradable oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) polymer as the cross-linking matrix, with the addition of cross-linkable CNT-poly(ethylene glycol)-acrylate (CNTpega) to grant mechanical support and electric conductivity. Two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus nanosheets were also infused to aid in tissue regeneration through the steady release of phosphate that results from environmental oxidation of phosphorus in situ. This newly developed BP-CNTpega-gel was found to enhance the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 preosteoblast cells. With electric stimulation, the osteogenesis of preosteoblast cells was further enhanced with elevated expression of several key osteogenic pathway genes. As monitored with X-ray imaging, the BP-CNTpega-gel demonstrated excellent in situ gelation and cross-linking to fill femur defects, vertebral body cavities, and posterolateral spinal fusion sites in the rabbit. Together, these results indicate that this newly developed injectable BP-CNTpega-gel owns promising potential for future bone and broad types of tissue engineering applications.
可注射水凝胶在修复不规则组织缺损方面具有独特的优势。在本研究中，我们报告了一种新型的可注射碳纳米管（CNT）和黑磷（BP）凝胶，其具有增强的机械强度、导电性和持续的磷酸离子释放能力，可用于组织工程。该凝胶利用可生物降解的低聚（聚乙二醇）富马酸酯（OPF）聚合物作为交联基质，添加可交联的 CNT-聚乙二醇-丙烯酰胺（CNTpega）以提供机械支撑和导电性。二维（2D）黑磷纳米片也被注入其中，通过环境中磷的原位氧化产生的磷酸盐的稳定释放来促进组织再生。新开发的 BP-CNTpega-凝胶被发现可增强 MC3T3 前成骨细胞的黏附、增殖和成骨分化。在电刺激下，前成骨细胞的成骨作用进一步增强，几个关键成骨途径基因的表达水平升高。通过 X 射线成像监测，BP-CNTpega-凝胶表现出良好的原位凝胶化和交联能力，可填充兔股骨缺损、椎体腔和脊柱后外侧融合部位。总之，这些结果表明，这种新开发的可注射 BP-CNTpega-凝胶具有在未来骨和广泛类型的组织工程应用中应用的巨大潜力。
