Mridha Malay Kanti, Hossain Md Mokbul, Khan Md Showkat Ali, Hanif Abu Abdullah Mohammad, Hasan Mehedi, Mitra Dipak, Hossaine Moyazzam, Ullah Mohammad Aman, Sarker Samir Kanti, Rahman S M Mustafizur, Bulbul Md M Islam, Shamim Abu Ahmed
Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases and Nutrition, BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BMJ Open. 2021 Jan 17;11(1):e038954. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038954.
To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with depression among adolescent boys and girls.
We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study.
This study was carried out in 82 randomly selected clusters (57 rural, 15 non-slum urban and 10 slums) from eight divisions of Bangladesh.
We interviewed 4907 adolescent boys and 4949 adolescent girls.
The primary outcome measure was 'any depression' and the secondary outcome measures were types of depression: no or minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe.
The overall prevalence of no or minimal, mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression was 75.5%, 17.9%, 5,4%, 1.1% and 0.1%, respectively. Across most of the sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric strata, the prevalence of any depression was higher among adolescent girls. In both sexes, depression was associated with higher age, higher maternal education, paternal occupation e.g., business, absence of a 6-9-year-old member in the household, food insecurity, household consumption of unfortified oil, household use of non-iodised salt, insufficient physical activity (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: 1.24 for boys, 1.44 for girls) and increased television viewing time e.g., ≥121 minute/day (AOR: 1.95 for boys, 1.99 for girls). Only among boys, depression was also associated with higher paternal education e.g., complete secondary and above (AOR: 1.42), absence of another adolescent member in the household (AOR: 1.34), household use of solid biomass fuel (AOR: 1.39), use of any tobacco products (AOR: 2.17), and consumption of processed food (AOR: 1.24). Only among girls, non-slum urban residence, Muslim religion, and household size ≤4 were also associated with depression.
The prevalence of depression among adolescent boys and girls is high in Bangladesh. In most sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric strata, the prevalence is higher among girls. In this age group, depression is associated with a number of sociodemographic and lyfestyle factors. The government of Bangladesh should consider these findings while integrating adolescent mental health in the existing and future programmes.
评估青少年男孩和女孩中抑郁症的患病率及相关因素。
我们开展了一项全国性横断面研究。
本研究在孟加拉国八个行政区随机选取的82个群组（57个农村、15个非贫民窟城市和10个贫民窟）中进行。
我们对4907名青少年男孩和4949名青少年女孩进行了访谈。
主要结局指标为“任何形式的抑郁症”，次要结局指标为抑郁症类型：无或轻微、轻度、中度、中重度和重度。
无或轻微、轻度、中度、中重度和重度抑郁症的总体患病率分别为75.5%、17.9%、5.4%、1.1%和0.1%。在大多数社会人口统计学、生活方式和人体测量学分层中，青少年女孩中任何形式抑郁症的患病率更高。在两性中，抑郁症都与年龄较大、母亲受教育程度较高、父亲职业（如商业）、家中没有6至9岁成员、粮食不安全、家庭食用未强化油、家庭使用非碘盐、体育活动不足（调整优势比，男孩为1.24，女孩为1.44）以及看电视时间增加（如≥121分钟/天，男孩为1.95，女孩为1.99）有关。仅在男孩中，抑郁症还与父亲受教育程度较高（如完成中学及以上教育，优势比为1.42）、家中没有其他青少年成员（优势比为1.34）、家庭使用固体生物质燃料（优势比为1.39）、使用任何烟草制品（优势比为2.17）以及食用加工食品（优势比为1.24）有关。仅在女孩中，非贫民窟城市居住、穆斯林宗教信仰以及家庭规模≤4也与抑郁症有关。
孟加拉国青少年男孩和女孩中抑郁症的患病率很高。在大多数社会人口统计学、生活方式和人体测量学分层中，女孩中的患病率更高。在这个年龄组中，抑郁症与许多社会人口统计学和生活方式因素有关。孟加拉国政府在将青少年心理健康纳入现有和未来计划时应考虑这些研究结果。
