School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
School of Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
Molecules. 2023 Nov 20;28(22):7674. doi: 10.3390/molecules28227674.
Pathogens cause infections and millions of deaths globally, while antipathogens are drugs or treatments designed to combat them. To date, multifunctional nanomaterials (NMs), such as organic, inorganic, and nanocomposites, have attracted significant attention by transforming antipathogen livelihoods. They are very small in size so can quickly pass through the walls of bacterial, fungal, or parasitic cells and viral particles to perform their antipathogenic activity. They are more reactive and have a high band gap, making them more effective than traditional medications. Moreover, due to some pathogen's resistance to currently available medications, the antipathogen performance of NMs is becoming crucial. Additionally, due to their prospective properties and administration methods, NMs are eventually chosen for cutting-edge applications and therapies, including drug administration and diagnostic tools for antipathogens. Herein, NMs have significant characteristics that can facilitate identifying and eliminating pathogens in real-time. This mini-review analyzes multifunctional NMs as antimicrobial tools and investigates their mode of action. We also discussed the challenges that need to be solved for the utilization of NMs as antipathogens.
病原体在全球范围内引发感染并导致数百万人死亡，而抗病原体药物或疗法旨在对抗它们。迄今为止，多功能纳米材料（NMs），如有机、无机和纳米复合材料，通过改变抗病原体的生存方式引起了人们的极大关注。它们的尺寸非常小，因此可以迅速穿透细菌、真菌或寄生虫细胞和病毒颗粒的细胞壁，发挥其抗病原体活性。它们的反应性更高，带隙较大，因此比传统药物更有效。此外，由于某些病原体对现有药物的耐药性，NMs 的抗病原体性能变得至关重要。此外，由于其预期的特性和给药方法，NMs 最终被选择用于前沿应用和治疗，包括药物管理和抗病原体诊断工具。在此，NMs 具有有助于实时识别和消除病原体的重要特征。本篇小型综述分析了多功能 NMs 作为抗菌工具，并研究了它们的作用模式。我们还讨论了将 NMs 用作抗病原体药物所需要解决的挑战。
