Qafisheh Nida, Mohamed Omer Hamad, Elhassan Abdelelah, Ibrahim Abdalla, Hamdan Mariam
Department of Environmental Health & Safety, Abu Dhabi University, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Environmental Health, University of Gezira, Sudan.
Toxicol Rep. 2021 Jan 5;8:171-176. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.12.025. eCollection 2021.
The hazards of petroleum station activities are greatly emphasized due to their negative impact on workers' health and safety concerns. This study aims to assess the effect of occupational exposure among the workers in various petroleum station at the Khartoum State, Sudan.
An analytical and experimental study design is followed where 60 participants were selected through purposive sampling technique. The participants were recruited from the petroleum workstation and were considered as the lead exposed group whereas the participants who lived faraway from the petroleum station and had no exposure to lead were considered as un-exposed group. To avoid the effects of smoking on lead concentration we further divided these groups into smokers and non-smokers. IBM, SPSS was used for the statistical analysis of the collected data.
The results show that there is no significant difference in white blood cells (WBCs) count between exposed and unexposed lead group. We also did not find significant difference in Red blood cells (RBCs) count. Participant from both groups had normal range of haemoglobin (Hb). However, haematocrit (Hct) levels were elevated in both of these groups. We also tested the platelet count in these groups and found that platelet count was slightly lower in lead exposed group as compared to the unexposed group but average count was found within the normal range. Finally, the lead concentration in serum and urine was detected of the participants. Results reveal that the serum lead concentration of non-smokers (0.58 mg/l) in the exposed group was higher than in non-smokers of unexposed group (0.49 mg/l). The lead concentration in serum of smokers in exposed group was also high (1.49 mg/l) than the lead concentration detected in serum of smokers in unexposed group (1.14 mg/l). Urine lead levels of exposed group was also high than the unexposed group in smokers and non-smokers. Mean value of lead in urine among non-smokers of the exposed and unexposed group were 0.76 mg/L and 0.19 mg/L respectively. In the case of smokers, 1.59 mg/L and 1.16 mg/L were the mean value of lead in urine for both exposed and unexposed groups respectively.
From the given results it can be concluded that health safety measures for workers must be implemented to maintain good health status of workers at petroleum stations.
由于加油站活动对工人健康和安全问题产生负面影响，其危害受到了极大关注。本研究旨在评估苏丹喀土穆州各加油站工人职业暴露的影响。
采用分析性和实验性研究设计，通过目的抽样技术选取60名参与者。参与者从石油工作站招募，被视为主要暴露组，而居住在远离加油站且未接触铅的参与者被视为未暴露组。为避免吸烟对铅浓度的影响，我们进一步将这些组分为吸烟者和非吸烟者。使用IBM SPSS对收集的数据进行统计分析。
结果表明，暴露组和未暴露组的白细胞（WBC）计数无显著差异。我们在红细胞（RBC）计数上也未发现显著差异。两组参与者的血红蛋白（Hb）水平均在正常范围内。然而，这两组的血细胞比容（Hct）水平均有所升高。我们还检测了这些组的血小板计数，发现暴露组的血小板计数略低于未暴露组，但平均计数在正常范围内。最后，检测了参与者血清和尿液中的铅浓度。结果显示，暴露组非吸烟者的血清铅浓度（0.58毫克/升）高于未暴露组非吸烟者（0.49毫克/升）。暴露组吸烟者血清中的铅浓度（1.49毫克/升）也高于未暴露组吸烟者血清中检测到的铅浓度（1.14毫克/升）。暴露组吸烟者和非吸烟者的尿铅水平也高于未暴露组。暴露组和未暴露组非吸烟者尿铅的平均值分别为0.76毫克/升和0.19毫克/升。对于吸烟者，暴露组和未暴露组尿铅的平均值分别为1.59毫克/升和1.16毫克/升。
从给出的结果可以得出结论，必须实施针对工人的健康安全措施，以维持加油站工人的良好健康状况。
