Romero-Ayuso Dulce, Toledano-González Abel, Rodríguez-Martínez María Del Carmen, Arroyo-Castillo Palma, Triviño-Juárez José Matías, González Pascual, Ariza-Vega Patrocinio, González Antonio Del Pino, Segura-Fragoso Antonio
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy Division, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Talavera la de Reina, 45600 Toledo, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2021 Jan 21;8(2):70. doi: 10.3390/children8020070.
This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality-based interventions (VR-based interventions) on cognitive deficits in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed according to the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Handbook guidelines for conducting meta-analyses. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Clinical trials published up to 29 October 2020, were included. The meta-analysis included four studies, with a population of 125 participants with ADHD. The magnitude of the effect was large for omissions (SMD = -1.38; = 0.009), correct hits (SMD = -1.50; = 0.004), and perceptual sensitivity (SMD = -1.07; = 0.01); and moderate for commissions (SMD = -0.62; = 0.002) and reaction time (SMD = -0.67; = 0.03). The use of VR-based interventions for cognitive rehabilitation in children with ADHD is limited. The results showed that VR-based interventions are more effective in improving sustained attention. Improvements were observed in attentional vigilance measures, increasing the number of correct responses and decreasing the number of errors of omission. No improvements were observed in impulsivity responses.
本综述旨在评估基于虚拟现实的干预措施（基于VR的干预措施）对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童认知缺陷的有效性。根据PRISMA声明和Cochrane手册中进行荟萃分析的指南进行了系统综述和荟萃分析。采用推荐分级、评估、制定与评价（GRADE）来评估证据质量。纳入截至2020年10月29日发表的临床试验。荟萃分析包括四项研究，共125名ADHD参与者。遗漏（标准化均数差[SMD]= -1.38；P = 0.009）、正确命中（SMD = -1.50；P = 0.004）和感知敏感性（SMD = -1.07；P = 0.01）的效应量较大； commission（SMD = -0.62；P = 0.002）和反应时间（SMD = -0.67；P = 0.03）的效应量为中等。基于VR的干预措施在ADHD儿童认知康复中的应用有限。结果表明，基于VR的干预措施在改善持续注意力方面更有效。在注意力警觉性测量中观察到改善，正确反应数量增加，遗漏错误数量减少。在冲动反应方面未观察到改善。
