Kennedy Eileen, Webb Patrick, Block Steven, Griffin Timothy, Mozaffarian Dariush, Kyte Rachel
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2020 Dec 10;5(1):nzaa177. doi: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa177. eCollection 2021 Jan.
Food systems lie squarely at the intersection of several overarching goals of the UN and member states, as embodied in the Sustainable Development Goals, including eliminating poverty, hunger, and malnutrition in all its forms, achieving good health and well-being, while promoting environmental sustainability. The need for radical transformation of current food systems is inescapable if the world is to achieve one, let alone all, of these goals. Meeting this challenge will inevitably be disruptive to current food systems, carry costs, and be politically onerous. But the projected benefits far outweigh these difficulties. This commentary spells out the complexity of issues that need to be tackled to design and implement food systems that improve diets, nutrition, and health in an equitable fashion, while simultaneously respecting planetary boundaries. Six critical domains are identified that must be addressed for the successful transformation of food systems: ) reinvent agriculture, ) transform food environments for healthy diets, ) mitigate climate change, ) productively engage the private sector, ) influence public policy priorities, and ) establish true cost accounting of food. Because science is crucial for each of these domains, a research-driven strategy, emphasizing a collaborative process, is outlined. Bold, new, but technically and politically feasible actions are needed to effectively transform current food systems.
粮食系统处于联合国及其成员国若干总体目标的核心交汇点，这些目标体现在可持续发展目标中，包括消除各种形式的贫困、饥饿和营养不良，实现良好健康和福祉，同时促进环境可持续性。如果世界要实现其中一个目标，更不用说所有目标，对当前粮食系统进行彻底变革的必要性是不可避免的。应对这一挑战必然会扰乱当前的粮食系统，带来成本，并在政治上造成负担。但预计的好处远远超过这些困难。本评论阐述了为设计和实施以公平方式改善饮食、营养和健康，同时尊重地球边界的粮食系统而需要解决的问题的复杂性。确定了六个关键领域，粮食系统的成功转型必须解决这些领域的问题：（1）重塑农业；（2）转变粮食环境以促进健康饮食；（3）缓解气候变化；（4）有效吸引私营部门参与；（5）影响公共政策重点；（6）建立粮食的真实成本核算。由于科学对这些领域中的每一个都至关重要，因此概述了一项强调协作过程的以研究为驱动的战略。需要采取大胆、新颖但在技术和政治上可行的行动，以有效转变当前的粮食系统。
