Vahidi Mohammad Farhad, Gharechahi Javad, Behmanesh Mehrdad, Ding Xue-Zhi, Han Jian-Lin, Hosseini Salekdeh Ghasem
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
PeerJ. 2021 Jan 11;9:e10463. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10463. eCollection 2021.
The rumen microbiota contributes strongly to the degradation of ingested plant materials. There is limited knowledge about the diversity of taxa involved in the breakdown of lignocellulosic biomasses with varying chemical compositions in the rumen.
We aimed to assess how and to what extent the physicochemical properties of forages influence the colonization and digestion by rumen microbiota. This was achieved by placing nylon bags filled with candidate materials in the rumen of fistulated sheep for a period of up to 96 h, followed by measuring forage's chemical characteristics and community structure of biofilm-embedded microbiota.
Rumen degradation for all forages appeared to have occurred mainly during the first 24 h of their incubation, which significantly slowed down after 48 h of rumen incubation, depending on their chemical properties. Random Forest analysis predicted the predominant role of and in shaping microbial diversity attached to the forages during the course of rumen incubation. Exploring community structure and composition of fiber-attached microbiota revealed significant differential colonization rates of forages depending on their contents for NDF and cellulose. The correlation analysis highlighted the significant contribution of and to fiber degradation in the sheep rumen.
Our findings suggested that forage cellulose components are critical in shaping the pattern of microbial colonization and thus their final digestibility in the rumen.
瘤胃微生物群对摄入植物材料的降解起着重要作用。关于瘤胃中参与分解具有不同化学成分的木质纤维素生物质的分类群多样性，我们了解有限。
我们旨在评估饲料的物理化学性质如何以及在多大程度上影响瘤胃微生物群的定殖和消化。这是通过将装有候选材料的尼龙袋放置在有瘘管绵羊的瘤胃中长达96小时，然后测量饲料的化学特性和生物膜包埋微生物群的群落结构来实现的。
所有饲料的瘤胃降解似乎主要发生在孵育的前24小时内，并在瘤胃孵育48小时后显著减缓，这取决于它们的化学性质。随机森林分析预测了在瘤胃孵育过程中，[具体成分1]和[具体成分2]在塑造附着于饲料的微生物多样性方面的主要作用。对附着于纤维的微生物群的群落结构和组成进行探索，结果显示，根据饲料中中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和纤维素的含量，饲料的定殖率存在显著差异。相关性分析突出了[具体成分1]和[具体成分2]对绵羊瘤胃中纤维降解的重要贡献。
我们的研究结果表明，饲料纤维素成分对于塑造微生物定殖模式以及瘤胃中最终消化率至关重要。
