Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 27;22(3):1261. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031261.
Free-living amoebas, including spp., are widely distributed in soil, water, and air. They are capable of causing granulomatous amebic encephalitis, pneumonia, keratitis, and disseminated acanthamoebiasis. Despite low occurrence worldwide, the mortality rate of spp. infections is very high, especially in immunosuppressed hosts. infections are a medical problem, owing to limited improvement in diagnostics and treatment, which is associated with incomplete knowledge of pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and the host immune response against spp. infection. The aim of this review is to present the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of spp.-host interactions, including the expression of Toll-like receptors, mechanisms of an immune response, the activity of metalloproteinases, the secretion of antioxidant enzymes, and the expression and activity of cyclooxygenases. We show the relationship between spp. and the host at the cellular level and host defense reactions that lead to changes in the selected host's organs.
自由生活的阿米巴原虫，包括 种，广泛分布于土壤、水和空气中。它们能够引起肉芽肿性阿米巴脑炎、肺炎、角膜炎和播散性棘阿米巴病。尽管在全球范围内发生率较低，但 种感染的死亡率非常高，特别是在免疫抑制宿主中。 种感染是一个医学问题，这是由于诊断和治疗的改善有限，这与对病理生理学、发病机制以及宿主对 种感染的免疫反应的不完全了解有关。本综述的目的是介绍 种与宿主相互作用的生化和分子机制，包括 Toll 样受体的表达、免疫反应机制、金属蛋白酶的活性、抗氧化酶的分泌以及环氧化酶的表达和活性。我们展示了 种在细胞水平上与宿主的关系以及导致宿主器官发生变化的宿主防御反应。
