Wang Xiaoyi, Yu Renbo, Li Jingyang
Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.
Key Laboratory of Vegetable Research Center, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jan 13;11:617528. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.617528. eCollection 2020.
Bananas ( spp.) are an important fruit crop worldwide. The fungus f. sp. (), which causes Fusarium wilt, is widely regarded as one of the most damaging plant diseases. Fusarium wilt has previously devastated global banana production and continues to do so today. In addition, due to the current use of high-density banana plantations, desirable banana varieties with ideal plant architecture (IPA) possess high lodging resistance, optimum photosynthesis, and efficient water absorption. These properties may help to increase banana production. Genetic engineering is useful for the development of banana varieties with resistance and ideal plant architecture due to the sterility of most cultivars. However, the sustained immune response brought about by genetic engineering is always accompanied by yield reductions. To resolve this problem, we should perform functional genetic studies of the genome, in conjunction with genome editing experiments, to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the immune response and the formation of plant architecture in the banana. Further explorations of the genes associated with resistance and ideal architecture might lead to the development of banana varieties with both ideal architecture and pathogen super-resistance. Such varieties will help the banana to remain a staple food worldwide.
香蕉（芭蕉属）是全球重要的水果作物。引起枯萎病的尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense）被广泛认为是最具破坏性的植物病害之一。枯萎病此前已使全球香蕉生产遭受重创，如今仍在造成破坏。此外，由于当前高密度香蕉种植园的使用，具有理想株型（IPA）的优良香蕉品种具有高抗倒伏性、最佳光合作用和高效水分吸收能力。这些特性可能有助于提高香蕉产量。由于大多数香蕉品种不育，基因工程对于培育具有抗病性和理想株型的香蕉品种很有用。然而，基因工程带来的持续免疫反应总是伴随着产量下降。为了解决这个问题，我们应该结合基因组编辑实验对香蕉基因组进行功能基因研究，以揭示香蕉免疫反应和株型形成的分子机制。进一步探索与抗病性和理想株型相关的基因可能会培育出兼具理想株型和超强抗病性的香蕉品种。这样的品种将有助于香蕉继续成为全球的主食。
