Zhao Chang, Bai Yunlong, Fu Shixin, Wu Ling, Xia Cheng, Xu Chuang
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Bovine Disease Control and Prevention, Daqing, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Jan 14;7:609391. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.609391. eCollection 2020.
Inactive ovaries (IOs) affect the estrus cycle and timed artificial insemination (TAI) efficiency in dairy cows during early lactation. The objective of the experiment was to determine metabolic changes in the serum and milk whey of dairy cows with IO and estrus. Twenty-eight healthy postpartum Holstein cows in similar age, milk production, and body condition were selected at 30 days postpartum for tracking to 70 days postpartum, and estrus performance was recorded through Afi Farm® software. The ovarian status and follicular diameter of dairy cows were examined by an experienced breeder through B-ultrasound and rectal examination. Fourteen normal estrus cows were allocated to control group A and 14 cows with IO to group B, all at 30-70 days postpartum. The serum and milk whey in the two groups of cows at 70 days postpartum were used for non-targeted nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) analysis to measure the different metabolites of cows with IO. In group B compared with group A at 70 days postpartum, there was an increase in the milk whey of six different metabolites including succinate, creatine phosphate, glycine, myo-inositol, glycolate, and orotate and a decrease in the milk whey of seven metabolites, including alanine, creatinine, o-phosphorylcholine, lactose, taurine, galactose, and glucose-1-phosphate. There was an increase in the serum of group B cows of four differential metabolites, including 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetate, glutamine, and glycine and a decrease in the serum of nine differential metabolites, including alanine, succinate, citrate, creatinine, o-phosphocholine, glucose, myo-inositol, tyrosine, and histidine compared with group A. Group B cows with IO had decreased glucose metabolism and impaired tricarboxylic acid cycle, increased lipid mobilization, and abnormal amino acid metabolism. The study provides a potential prevention strategy for IO in dairy cows in future.
非活性卵巢（IO）会影响泌乳早期奶牛的发情周期和定时人工授精（TAI）效率。本实验的目的是确定患有IO和发情的奶牛血清和乳清中的代谢变化。在产后30天选择28头年龄、产奶量和身体状况相似的健康产后荷斯坦奶牛，追踪至产后70天，并通过Afi Farm®软件记录发情表现。由经验丰富的饲养员通过B超和直肠检查来检查奶牛的卵巢状态和卵泡直径。14头正常发情奶牛被分配到对照组A，14头患有IO的奶牛被分配到B组，均处于产后30 - 70天。对两组奶牛产后70天的血清和乳清进行非靶向核磁共振（H-NMR）分析，以测量患有IO的奶牛的不同代谢物。在产后70天，与A组相比，B组奶牛的乳清中包括琥珀酸、磷酸肌酸、甘氨酸、肌醇、乙醇酸和乳清酸在内的六种不同代谢物增加，包括丙氨酸、肌酐、磷酸胆碱、乳糖、牛磺酸、半乳糖和葡萄糖-1-磷酸在内的七种代谢物减少。与A组相比，B组奶牛血清中有四种差异代谢物增加，包括3-羟基丁酸、乙酸、谷氨酰胺和甘氨酸，血清中有九种差异代谢物减少，包括丙氨酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、肌酐、磷酸胆碱、葡萄糖、肌醇、酪氨酸和组氨酸。患有IO的B组奶牛葡萄糖代谢降低、三羧酸循环受损、脂质动员增加且氨基酸代谢异常。该研究为未来奶牛IO提供了一种潜在的预防策略。
