Jin Ke-Tao, Chen Bo, Liu Yu-Yao, Lan H Uan-Rong, Yan Jie-Ping
Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hosptial, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Jinhua, 312000, P.R. China.
Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Cancer Cell Int. 2021 Feb 1;21(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-01763-9.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Besides common therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, novel therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy, have been an advent in CRC treatment. The immunotherapy approaches try to elicit patients` immune responses against tumor cells to eradicate the tumor. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are two branches of cancer immunotherapy. MAbs demonstrate the great ability to completely recognize cancer cell-surface receptors and blockade proliferative or inhibitory pathways. On the other hand, T cell activation by genetically engineered CAR receptor via the TCR/CD3 and costimulatory domains can induce potent immune responses against specific tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Both of these approaches have beneficial anti-tumor effects on CRC. Herein, we review the different mAbs against various pathways and their applications in clinical trials, the different types of CAR-T cells, various specific CAR-T cells against TAAs, and their clinical use in CRC treatment.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球第三大常见癌症，也是癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。除了手术、化疗和放疗等常见治疗方法外，包括免疫疗法在内的新型治疗方法已在CRC治疗中出现。免疫疗法旨在激发患者针对肿瘤细胞的免疫反应以根除肿瘤。单克隆抗体（mAb）和嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞是癌症免疫疗法的两个分支。单克隆抗体具有完全识别癌细胞表面受体并阻断增殖或抑制途径的强大能力。另一方面，通过TCR/CD3和共刺激域经基因工程改造的CAR受体激活T细胞可诱导针对特定肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）的强效免疫反应。这两种方法对CRC均具有有益的抗肿瘤作用。在此，我们综述了针对各种途径的不同单克隆抗体及其在临床试验中的应用、不同类型的CAR-T细胞、针对TAA的各种特异性CAR-T细胞及其在CRC治疗中的临床应用。
