苏里南某城市和农村地区物质使用障碍的患病率。

Prevalence of substance use disorders in an urban and a rural area in Suriname.

作者信息

Jadnanansing Raj, Blankers Matthijs, Dwarkasing Rudi, Etwaroo Kajal, Lumsden Vincent, Dekker Jack, Bipat Robbert

机构信息

Center for Psychiatry in Suriname and Department of Psychology Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.

Research Department, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Trop Med Health. 2021 Feb 2;49(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s41182-021-00301-7.

DOI:10.1186/s41182-021-00301-7

PMID:33526098

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7852200/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Alcohol use disorders (AUD) have the worst impact in low-middle-income countries (LMICs), where the disease burden per liter of alcohol consumed is higher than in wealthy populations. Furthermore, the median treatment gap for AUDs in LMICs is 78.1%. The highest prevalence of AUDs worldwide in 2004 was found in the western Pacific region, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. The main aim of this study was to estimate and compare the prevalence of risky alcohol use and the extent of the treatment gap in a rural (Nickerie) and in an urban (Paramaribo) area in Suriname, a LMICs country with a wide variety of ethnic groups.

METHODS

The respondents were randomly recruited using a specific sampling method of the National Census Bureau. The final samples were 1837 households for Paramaribo and 1026 for Nickerie, reflecting the populations in both regions. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used to assess the likelihood of the presence of alcohol use disorder. A score of > 7 for the AUDIT implies risky alcohol use.

RESULTS

The results indicated that 2% of the women and 15% of the men in the rural area scored 8 or higher on the AUDIT. In the urban area, these numbers were 3% and 17%, respectively. In both samples, the men had the highest addiction risk at about 16% compared with 2% for females. Married persons are significantly less likely to become alcoholic than singles and other groups in Paramaribo. In both areas, higher education was associated with a lower probability of alcohol abuse and dependence, while handymen showed a higher odd. A treatment gap of 50% was found for alcohol use disorders in the rural area. The corresponding gap in the urban area was 64%.

CONCLUSIONS

Surinamese men show a high prevalence of the likelihood of AUD. In addition, the treatment gap for these possible patients is large. It is therefore of paramount importance to develop therapeutic strategies with the aim of tackling this physically and mentally disabling disorder. Tailored E-health programs may be of benefit.

摘要

背景

酒精使用障碍（AUD）在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）造成的影响最为严重，这些国家每消耗一升酒精所带来的疾病负担高于富裕人群。此外，低收入和中等收入国家酒精使用障碍的治疗缺口中位数为78.1%。2004年，全球酒精使用障碍患病率最高的地区是西太平洋地区、东南亚和美洲。本研究的主要目的是估计和比较苏里南（一个拥有多种族群体的低收入和中等收入国家）农村地区（尼克里）和城市地区（帕拉马里博）危险饮酒的患病率以及治疗缺口的程度。

方法

采用国家统计局的特定抽样方法随机招募受访者。最终样本中，帕拉马里博有1837户家庭，尼克里有1026户家庭，反映了两个地区的人口情况。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）和酒精、吸烟及物质使用情况筛查测试（ASSIST）来评估酒精使用障碍存在的可能性。AUDIT得分>7意味着危险饮酒。

结果

结果表明，农村地区2%的女性和15%的男性AUDIT得分达到8分或更高。在城市地区，这两个数字分别为3%和17%。在两个样本中，男性的成瘾风险最高，约为16%，而女性为2%。在帕拉马里博，已婚者成为酗酒者的可能性明显低于单身者和其他群体。在两个地区，高等教育与较低的酒精滥用和依赖概率相关，而杂工的概率较高。农村地区酒精使用障碍的治疗缺口为50%。城市地区相应的缺口为64%。