Tian Bi-Xia, Sun Wei, Wang Shu-Hong, Liu Pei-Jun, Wang Yao-Chun
Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P. R. China.
Am J Transl Res. 2021 Jan 15;13(1):1-10. eCollection 2021.
Mitochondria, independent double-membrane organelles, are intracellular power plants that feed most eukaryotic cells with the ATP produced via the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Consistently, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) catalyzes the electron transfer chain's final step. Electrons are transferred from reduced cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and play an indispensable role in oxidative phosphorylation of cells. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6c (COX6C) is encoded by the nuclear genome in the ribosome after translation and is transported to mitochondria via different pathways, and eventually forms the COX complex. In recent years, many studies have shown the abnormal level of COX6C in familial hypercholesterolemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, breast cancer, prostate cancer, uterine leiomyoma, follicular thyroid cancer, melanoma tissues, and other conditions. Its underlying mechanism may be related to the cellular oxidative phosphorylation pathway in tissue injury disease. Here reviews the varied function of COX6C in non-tumor and tumor diseases.
线粒体是独立的双膜细胞器，是细胞内的“发电厂”，通过氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）产生的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）为大多数真核细胞供能。相应地，细胞色素c氧化酶（COX）催化电子传递链的最后一步。电子从还原型细胞色素c转移到分子氧，在细胞的氧化磷酸化过程中发挥不可或缺的作用。细胞色素c氧化酶亚基6c（COX6C）由核糖体中的核基因组编码，翻译后通过不同途径转运至线粒体，最终形成COX复合体。近年来，许多研究表明，在家族性高胆固醇血症、慢性肾病、糖尿病、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、子宫肌瘤、滤泡性甲状腺癌、黑色素瘤组织等疾病中，COX6C水平异常。其潜在机制可能与组织损伤性疾病中的细胞氧化磷酸化途径有关。本文综述了COX6C在非肿瘤和肿瘤疾病中的多种功能。
