Ke Minjing, Chong Cheong-Meng, Zhu Qi, Zhang Ke, Cai Cui-Zan, Lu Jia-Hong, Qin Dajiang, Su Huanxing
1State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
2Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Aging Dis. 2021 Feb 1;12(1):223-246. doi: 10.14336/AD.2020.0331. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Parkinson's disease (PD) ranks second among the most common neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive and selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. Various cross-species preclinical models, including cellular models and animal models, have been established through the decades to study the etiology and mechanism of the disease from cell lines to nonhuman primates. These models are aimed at developing effective therapeutic strategies for the disease. None of the current models can replicate all major pathological and clinical phenotypes of PD. Selection of the model for PD largely relies on our interest of study. In this review, we systemically summarized experimental PD models, including cellular and animal models used in preclinical studies, to understand the pathogenesis of PD. This review is intended to provide current knowledge about the application of these different PD models, with focus on their strengths and limitations with respect to their contributions to the assessment of the molecular pathobiology of PD and identification of the therapeutic strategies for the disease.
帕金森病（PD）在最常见的神经退行性疾病中排名第二，其特征是多巴胺能神经元进行性和选择性丧失。几十年来，已经建立了各种跨物种的临床前模型，包括细胞模型和动物模型，用于研究从细胞系到非人灵长类动物的疾病病因和机制。这些模型旨在开发针对该疾病的有效治疗策略。目前没有一种模型能够复制帕金森病的所有主要病理和临床表型。帕金森病模型的选择很大程度上取决于我们的研究兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们系统地总结了实验性帕金森病模型，包括临床前研究中使用的细胞和动物模型，以了解帕金森病的发病机制。这篇综述旨在提供关于这些不同帕金森病模型应用的当前知识，重点关注它们在评估帕金森病分子病理生物学和确定该疾病治疗策略方面的优势和局限性。
